{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:54:18Z","timestamp":1760151258445,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Iron-deficiency anemia in the elderly may be due to numerous gastrointestinal conditions. Anemia is frequent in celiac disease (CD); however, the use of routine duodenal biopsies, independently of age or serology, is debated. To determine the diagnostic yield of routine duodenal biopsies in adult and elderly patients with no bleeding anemia, a cross-sectional study analyzing 7968 gastroscopies (2017\u20132020) was performed; 744 were for anemia and 275 were excluded (GI bleeding or without duodenal biopsies). Of the 469 included patients, clinical, endoscopic, and histological features were analyzed in groups with or without histopathological changes in the duodenal mucosa (DM). Univariate\/multivariate analyses were performed. Of the 469 patients, 41 (8.7%) had DM histopathological changes, 12 (2.6%) had CD, 26 (5.5%) had duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytosis (DIL), and 3 had (0.6%) other conditions. They were younger compared to patients with normal DM. DM histopathology was significantly inversely correlated with age group, with prevalences of 27%, 20%, 12.5%, 10%, and 2.5%, in the &lt;40\u201350, 51\u201360, 61\u201370, 71\u201380, and &gt;80-year age groups, respectively (p = 0.0010). Logistic-regression models showed that anemic patients aged &gt;60, &gt;70, or &gt;80 years with endoscopically normal DM had a progressively three- to four-fold higher probability of having normal duodenal histology. In adults, anemic patients without bleeding, age and endoscopically normal DM are predictors of normal DM histology. In &gt;70-year anemic patients, negligible DM pathology was found. The results suggest that routine duodenal biopsies are questionable in elderly anemic patients<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12030678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T11:46:47Z","timestamp":1646912807000},"page":"678","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["In Elderly Anemic Patients without Endoscopic Signs of Bleeding Are Duodenal Biopsies Always Necessary to Rule Out Celiac Disease?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Giulia","family":"Pivetta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8791-7764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Coluccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9070-7733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Dilaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9503-8639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edith","family":"Lahner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7110-9172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuela","family":"Pilozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, 00166 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marilia","family":"Carabotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vito Domenico","family":"Corleto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980008002401","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence of anaemia, WHO Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System, 1993\u20132005","volume":"12","author":"McLean","year":"2009","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-05-1812","article-title":"Prevalence of anemia in persons 65 years and older in the United States: Evidence for a high rate of unexplained anemia","volume":"104","author":"Guralnik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.06.046","article-title":"AGA Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Gastrointestinal Evaluation of Iron Deficiency Anemia","volume":"159","author":"Ko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7813","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i34.7813","article-title":"Cost effectiveness of routine duodenal biopsies in iron deficiency anemia","volume":"22","author":"Broide","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-306578","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of adult coeliac disease: Guidelines from the British Society of Gastroenterology","volume":"63","author":"Ludvigsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2009.06.005","article-title":"Celiac disease in the elderly","volume":"38","author":"Rashtak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.4137\/CGast.S38454","article-title":"Elderly Onset Celiac Disease: A Narrative Review","volume":"9","author":"Cappello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Med. 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Med."}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/12\/3\/678\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:34:33Z","timestamp":1760135673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/12\/3\/678"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics12030678"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics12030678","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2075-4418"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]}}}