{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:24:12Z","timestamp":1776731052823,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"This research was supported by national R&amp;D programs through the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) of Korea","award":["NRF-2019R1C1C1006867, NRF-2021M3H4A1A02051048, NRF-2021M3E5E3080379, NRF-2021M3E5E3080382, NRF-2021R1I1A3044483, and NRF-2018M3A9E2022821"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2019R1C1C1006867, NRF-2021M3H4A1A02051048, NRF-2021M3E5E3080379, NRF-2021M3E5E3080382, NRF-2021R1I1A3044483, and NRF-2018M3A9E2022821"]}]},{"name":"Global Frontier Program through Center for BioNano Health Guard funded by MSIT of Korea","award":["H-GUARD_2013M3A6B2078950"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H-GUARD_2013M3A6B2078950"]}]},{"name":"Technology Development Program for Biological Hazards Management in Indoor Air through Korea Environment Industry &amp; Technology Institute (KEITI) funded by the Ministry of Environment (ME) of Korea","award":["2021003370003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021003370003"]}]},{"name":"Nanomedical Devices Development Program of National Nano Fab Center","award":["CSM2105M101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSM2105M101"]}]},{"name":"KRIBB Research Initiative Program","award":["1711401381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1711401381"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is an essential aspect in the detection and control of the spread of COVID-19. We evaluated the accuracy of the rapid antigen test (RAT) using samples from the nasal cavity and nasopharynx based on sample collection timing and viral load. We enrolled 175 patients, of which 71 patients and 104 patients had tested positive and negative, respectively, based on real time-PCR. Nasal cavity and nasopharyngeal swab samples were tested using STANDARD Q COVID-19 Ag tests (Q Ag, SD Biosensor, Korea). The sensitivity of the Q Ag test was 77.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 67.8\u201387.2%) for the nasal cavity and 81.7% (95% [CI, 72.7\u201390.7%) for the nasopharyngeal specimens. The RAT results showed a substantial agreement between the nasal cavity and nasopharyngeal specimens (Cohen\u2019s kappa index = 0.78). The sensitivity of the RAT for nasal cavity specimens exceeded 89% for &lt;5 days after symptom onset (DSO) and 86% for Ct of E and RdRp &lt; 25. The Q Ag test performed fairly well, especially in the early DSO when a high viral load was present, and the nasal cavity swab can be considered an alternative site for the rapid diagnosis of COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12030710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T03:06:10Z","timestamp":1647313570000},"page":"710","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Evaluation of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Nasal Cavity and Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens for SARS-CoV-2 Detection via Rapid Antigen Test According to Specimen Collection Timing and Viral Load"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3377-4833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seungjun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon 51472, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Widyasari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon 51472, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hye-Ryun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gyeongnam Center for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Changwon 51154, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jieun","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gyeongnam Center for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Changwon 51154, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5387-6458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taejoon","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunjoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon 51472, Korea"},{"name":"Gyeongnam Center for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Changwon 51154, Korea"},{"name":"Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju 52727, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-1301","article-title":"Diagnostic testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome\u2013related coronavirus 2: A narrative review","volume":"172","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. 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