{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T12:38:01Z","timestamp":1774442281769,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundamental Research Grant Scheme, Ministry of Higher Education","award":["FRGS\/1\/2016\/SKK08\/UKM\/03\/5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2016\/SKK08\/UKM\/03\/5"]}]},{"name":"UKM University Research Grant","award":["GUP-2020-026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GUP-2020-026"]}]},{"name":"Faculty Fundamental Research Fund","award":["FF-2019-263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FF-2019-263"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Chorioamnionitis complicates about 1\u20135% of deliveries at term and causes about one-third of stillbirths. CXC-chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1) binds IL-8 with high affinity and regulates neutrophil recruitment. We aimed to determine the immunoexpression of CXCR1 in placentas with chorioamnionitis, and its association with adverse perinatal outcomes. Methods: A total of 101 cases of chorioamnionitis and 32 cases of non-chorioamnionitis were recruited over a period of 2 years. CXCR1 immunohistochemistry was performed, and its immunoexpression in placentas was evaluated. The adverse perinatal outcomes included intrauterine death, poor APGAR score, early neonatal death, and respiratory complications. Results: Seventeen cases (17\/101, 16.8%) with chorioamnionitis presented as preterm deliveries. Lung complications were more common in mothers who were &gt;35 years (p = 0.003) and with a higher stage in the foetal inflammatory response (p = 0.03). Notably, 24 cases (23.8%) of histological chorioamnionitis were not detected clinically. Interestingly, the loss of CXCR1 immunoexpression in the umbilical cord endothelial cells (UCECs) was significantly associated with foetal death (p = 0.009). Conclusion: The loss of CXCR1 expression in UCECs was significantly associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes and could be used as a biomarker to predict adverse perinatal outcomes in chorioamnionitis. Further study is warranted to study the pathophysiology involved in the failure of CXCR1 expression in these cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12040882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T21:22:39Z","timestamp":1648848159000},"page":"882","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Loss of CXC-Chemokine Receptor 1 Expression in Chorioamnionitis Is Associated with Adverse Perinatal Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4897-9927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yin Ping","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noorhafizah","family":"Wagiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru 80100, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan Wei De","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASASIpintar Programme, Pusat Genius@Pintar Negara, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barizah Syahirah","family":"Hanim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Syamil Hilman","family":"Rashidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASASIpintar Programme, Pusat Genius@Pintar Negara, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai Mun","family":"Fong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASASIpintar Programme, Pusat Genius@Pintar Negara, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naufal Naqib","family":"Norhazli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASASIpintar Programme, Pusat Genius@Pintar Negara, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yashini","family":"Qrisha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASASIpintar Programme, Pusat Genius@Pintar Negara, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raja Norazah Raja Alam","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru 80100, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muaatamarulain","family":"Mustangin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haliza","family":"Zakaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1031-1262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siew Xian","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASASIpintar Programme, Pusat Genius@Pintar Negara, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2289-7619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geok Chin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Effect of clinical and histological chorioamnionitis on the outcome of preterm infants","volume":"30","author":"Nasef","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. 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