{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:45:48Z","timestamp":1791567948848,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in bone growth and maintenance, and its decreased levels are associated with bone disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the association of serum IGF-1 levels with osteoporosis, prevalent fractures and fracture risk based on the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). This study included 127 consecutive patients with PBC. Based on the baseline serum IGF-1 levels, the participants were classified into the low (L)-, intermediate (I)- and high (H)-IGF-1 groups. According to the FRAX score, high fracture risk was defined as a 10-year major osteoporotic fracture probability (FRAX-MOF) \u2265 20% or a 10-year hip fracture probability (FRAX-HF) \u2265 3%. The serum IGF-1 levels were positively correlated with bone mineral density, and were negatively correlated with the FRAX-MOF\/FRAX-HF. The L-IGF-1 group had the highest prevalence of osteoporosis (58.1%), prevalent fracture (48.4%) and high fracture risk (71.0%). Meanwhile, the H-IGF-1 group had the lowest prevalence of osteoporosis (9.7%), prevalent fracture (12.9%) and high fracture risk (9.7%). The prevalence of these events increased stepwise with decreasing serum IGF-1 levels. The cutoff values of IGF-1 for predicting osteoporosis, prevalent fracture and high fracture risk were 61.5 ng\/mL (sensitivity\/specificity, 0.545\/0.894), 69.5 ng\/mL (0.633\/0.784) and 61.5 ng\/mL (0.512\/0.929), respectively. Serum IGF-1 levels were associated with bone disorders and the FRAX-derived fracture risk, and may be a useful indicator for initiating therapeutic intervention to prevent the incidence of fracture in patients with PBC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12081957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,14]],"date-time":"2022-08-14T21:09:06Z","timestamp":1660511346000},"page":"1957","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Levels, Facture Risk Assessment Tool Scores and Bone Disorders in Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7407-6142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chisato","family":"Saeki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fuji City General Hospital, 50 Takashima-cho, Fuji-shi, Shizuoka 417-8567, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsunekazu","family":"Oikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fuji City General Hospital, 50 Takashima-cho, Fuji-shi, Shizuoka 417-8567, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Torisu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fuji City General Hospital, 50 Takashima-cho, Fuji-shi, Shizuoka 417-8567, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Saruta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6860-0326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akihito","family":"Tsubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Core Research Facilities, Research Center for Medical Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61965-4","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"377","author":"Selmi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043898","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"353","author":"Kaplan","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. 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