{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T05:55:35Z","timestamp":1762062935660,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Endocarditis is an extremely rare complication of Salmonellosis with an incidence of 0.2\u20130.4%. It is a destructive and invasive infection that follows a highly complicated course and carries a high mortality rate that exceeds 45%. Multiple predisposing factors for Salmonella endocarditis have been described in the literature, including human immunodeficiency virus infection, congenital heart diseases, and the presence of a prosthetic valve. Herein, we report a case of Salmonella prosthetic valve endocarditis complicated by splenic infarction and aortic pseudoaneurysm presenting as a month-long history of fluctuating fever, chills, and rigors, accompanied by occasional cough and shortness of breath in a 55-year-old female with aortic and mitral valves replacement and multiple comorbidities. She was diagnosed by multiple radiographic studies and successfully treated with the Commando procedure and a long course of IV antibiotics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12081982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T23:44:25Z","timestamp":1660693465000},"page":"1982","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Refractory Salmonella Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Complicated by Splenic Infarction and Aortic Pseudoaneurysm in a Patient with Double Prosthetic Valves: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9884-5017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moustafa S.","family":"Alhamadh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9533-9434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rakan B.","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4554-9139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thamer Saad","family":"Alhowaish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman Yousef","family":"Alhabeeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sultan T.","family":"Algarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osama Mohaamad","family":"Wadaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ihab","family":"Suliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Adult Cardiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Ghormalla","family":"Al-Ghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Adult Cardiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2010.05.010","article-title":"Visiting the cell biology of 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