{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T18:27:40Z","timestamp":1788460060916,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Edward and Ora Kost Foundation"},{"name":"Point of Care Testing Center for Teaching and Research (POCT CTR)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Our primary objectives were (a) to determine the need for and the availability of point-of-care testing (POCT) for infectious diseases and (b) to recommend point-of-care testing strategies and Spatial Care PathsTM (SCPs) that enhance public health preparedness in the regional districts of Thua Thien Hue Province (TTHP), Central Vietnam, where we conducted field surveys. Medical professionals in seven community health centers (CHCs), seven district hospitals (DHs) and one provincial hospital (PH) participated. Survey questions (English and Vietnamese) determined the status of diagnostic testing capabilities for infectious diseases and other acute medical challenges in TTHP. Infectious disease testing was limited: six of seven CHCs (86%) lacked infectious disease tests. One CHC (14%, 1\/7) had two forms of diagnostic tests available for the detection of malaria. All CHCs lacked adequate microbiology laboratories. District hospitals had few diagnostic tests for infectious diseases (tuberculosis and syphilis), blood culture (29%, 2\/7), and pathogen culture (57%, 4\/7) available. The PH had broader diagnostic testing capabilities but lacked preparedness for highly infectious disease threats (e.g., Ebola, MERS-CoV, SARS, Zika, and monkeypox). All sites reported having COVID-19 rapid antigen tests; COVID-19 RT-PCR tests were limited to higher-tier hospitals. We conclude that infectious disease diagnostic testing should be improved and POC tests must be supplied near patients\u2019 homes and in primary care settings for the early detection of infected individuals and the mitigation of the spread of new COVID-19 variants and other highly infectious diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12092047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T21:03:51Z","timestamp":1661375031000},"page":"2047","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Optimizing Public Health Preparedness for Highly Infectious Diseases in Central Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9787-8247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanullah","family":"Zadran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Point-of-Care Testing Center for Teaching and Research (POCT CTR<sup>TM<\/sup>) Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An V. D.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Layma","family":"Zadran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Point-of-Care Testing Center for Teaching and Research (POCT CTR<sup>TM<\/sup>) Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene J.","family":"Ventura Curiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Point-of-Care Testing Center for Teaching and Research (POCT CTR<sup>TM<\/sup>) Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tang-Tung","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Phan Chau Trinh University, No 9 Nguyen Gia Thieu St, Dien Ban Ward, Dien Ngoc District, Danang City 550000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duong Thi Bich","family":"Thuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Gia Lam District, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald J.","family":"Kost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Point-of-Care Testing Center for Teaching and Research (POCT CTR<sup>TM<\/sup>) Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2022, July 04). 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