{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:34:51Z","timestamp":1760243691929,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]],"date-time":"2022-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A variety of non-neoplastic diseases and benign and malignant lesions may involve parotid glands. In clinical practice, effective diagnosis is crucial to ensure proper treatment and achieve a good therapeutic effect. Unclear anamnesis and short medical history are factors that make diagnosis difficult, especially when cancer should be excluded. We present a case series of four patients who reported to the outpatient clinic with a unilateral nodule in the parotid region. The clinical presentation prevented an unequivocal diagnosis. The suspicion of a neoplastic disease resulted in profound diagnostics, including repeated cytology, ultrasound and magnetic resonance examination. Combining all the acquired information and follow-up, or a histopathologic examination, facilitated the final diagnosis. In all cases, thrombosis was diagnosed. We then analysed the diagnostic process and the associated difficulties. When thrombosis in vascular malformation occurs in the parotid region, it may have an unclear clinical and radiological presentation. Such an image can imitate both benign and malignant tumours. Ambiguous imaging in conjunction with blood cells in cytology should result in the inclusion of thrombosis in vascular malformations in the differential diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12092236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]],"date-time":"2022-09-18T22:12:43Z","timestamp":1663539163000},"page":"2236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vascular Abnormalities of the Parotid Region: An Uncommon Presentation of a Common Condition\u2014A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6536-3094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz K.","family":"Nowicki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6033-0904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Joskowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Garsta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bogus\u0142aw","family":"Mikaszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000518","article-title":"Update on classification and diagnosis of vascular malformations","volume":"29","author":"McCuaig","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. 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