{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:34:25Z","timestamp":1760243665260,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Three new equations for calculating the estimated basal serum creatinine (ebSCr) in hospitalized children have been developed: the simplified acute kidney injury (AKI) baseline creatinine (ABC) equation which considered only age in the formula; the equation including age and minimum creatinine (Crmin) within the initial 72 h from hospitalization (ABC-cr); and the equation including Crmin and height, weight, and age as squared values (ABC-advanced). We aimed to test the diagnostic performance of the ABC, ABC-cr and ABC-advanced equations in diagnosing AKI in 163 prospectively enrolled children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) onset. We considered measured basal serum creatinine (mbSCr), the creatinine measured 14 days after T1DM onset. AKI was defined by the highest\/basal serum creatine (HC\/BC) ratio &gt; 1.5. On the basis of the mbSCr, the AKI was diagnosed in 66\/163 (40.5%) patients. This prevalence was lower than the prevalence of AKI diagnosed on the basis of ABC ebSCr (122\/163 patients; 74.8%) (p &lt; 0.001) and similar to the prevalence of AKI diagnosed on the basis of ABC-cr ebSCr (72\/163 patients; 44.2%) (p = 0.5) and to the prevalence of AKI diagnosed on the basis of ABC-advanced ebSCr (69\/163; 42.3%) (p = 0.73). AKI determined using ABC ebSCr, ABC-cr ebSCr and ABC-advanced ebSCr showed, respectively, 63.5% (kappa = 0.35; p &lt; 0.001), 87.7% (kappa = 0.75; p &lt; 0.001), and 87.1% (kappa = 0.74; p &lt; 0.001) agreement with AKI determined using mbSCr. Using the HC\/BC ratio calculated on the basis of mbSCr as gold standard, for Bland\u2013Altman plots the HC\/BC ratio calculated on the basis of ABC formula presented higher bias and wider limits of agreement compared with the HC\/BC ratio calculated on the basis of ABC-cr and ABC-advanced formulas. In the receiver\u2013operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis the HC\/BC ratio calculated on the basis of ABC ebSCr presented lower area under the ROC curve (AUROC) (AUROC = 0.89; 95%CI: 0.85\u20130.95; p &lt; 0.001) compared with HC\/BC ratio calculated on the basis of ABC-cr (AUROC = 0.94; 95%CI: 0.91\u20130.98; p &lt; 0.001) or ABC-advanced ebSCr (AUROC = 0.914; 95%CI: 0.91\u20130.97; p &lt; 0.001). In both Bland\u2013Altman plots and ROC curve analysis, the ABC-cr and ABC-advanced formulas performed similarly. In conclusion, the ABC-cr and ABC-advanced formulas present very good diagnostic performance toward AKI identification in a population of children with T1DM onset.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12102268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T21:12:53Z","timestamp":1663708373000},"page":"2268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diagnostic Performance of the Acute Kidney Injury Baseline Creatinine Equations in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Onset"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Pier Luigi","family":"Palma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Guarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5877-3757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Di Sessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6177-741X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulio","family":"Rivetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Barlab\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Scaglione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3612-7383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Capalbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3846-7872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso","family":"Papparella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Miraglia del Giudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4682-0170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierluigi","family":"Marzuillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2883","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-021-05022-x","article-title":"Acute Kidney Injury in children hospitalized for community acquired pneumonia","volume":"36","author":"Marzuillo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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