{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:33:32Z","timestamp":1789605212808,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Open Access Publishing Fund of Leipzig University"},{"name":"German Research Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A threshold-based classification of cerebral vasospasm needs reference values for intracranial vessel diameters on digital subtraction angiography (DSA). We aimed to generate adjusted reference values for this purpose by retrospectively analyzing angiograms and potential influencing factors on vessel diameters. Angiograms of the anterior circulation were evaluated in 278 patients aged 18\u201381 years. The vessel diameters of 453 angiograms (175 bilateral) were gathered from nine defined measuring sites. The effect sizes of physical characteristics (i.e., body weight and height, body mass index, gender, age, and cranial side) and anatomical variations were calculated with MANOVA. Segments bearing aneurysms were excluded for the calculation of reference values. Adjusted vessel diameters were calculated via linear regression analysis of the vessel diameter data. Vessel diameters increased with age and body height. Male and right-sided vessels were larger in diameter. Of the anatomical variations, only the hypoplastic\/aplastic A1 segment had a significant influence (p &lt; 0.05) on values of the anterior cerebral artery and the internal carotid artery with a small effect size (|\u03c92| &gt; 0.01) being excluded from the reference values. We provide gender-, age-, and side-adjusted reference values and nomograms of arterial vessel diameters in the anterior circulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12102471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T20:53:29Z","timestamp":1665608009000},"page":"2471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Reference Values of Cerebral Artery Diameters of the Anterior Circulation by Digital Subtraction Angiography: A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Dirk","family":"Halama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Merkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1176-161X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Werdehausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Gaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Schob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Halle University Hospital, 06120 Halle, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"Qu\u00e4schling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Baselland, 4410 Liestal, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svitlana","family":"Ziganshyna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplant Coordinator Unit, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl-Titus","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Lindner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5105-9676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cindy","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1007\/s13760-021-01805-z","article-title":"Digital subtraction angiography in cerebrovascular disease: Current practice and perspectives on diagnosis, acute treatment and prognosis","volume":"122","author":"Shaban","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. 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