{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T01:39:39Z","timestamp":1792546779057,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]],"date-time":"2022-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency has a pathogenetic and prognostic role in coronary artery disease and a key role in pain transmission. Diabetic patients have a higher risk of silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) due to diabetic neuropathy. We evaluated the correlation between SMI and Vitamin D serum levels in type 2 diabetic patients and assessed whether SMI patients had a worse survival rate than their symptomatic counterpart. We enrolled 253 patients admitted in our Cardiology Unit and compared them with 50 healthy volunteers. We created three sub-groups: symptomatic MI group (125, 32.4%); SMI group (78, 25.7%), and no-MI group (50, 41.9%). 25(OH)D levels (nmol\/L) were lower in the SMI group (34.9 \u00b1 5.8) compared to those in the symptomatic MI (49.6 \u00b1 6.1; p = 0.01), no MI (53.1 \u00b1 6.2; p = 0.001), and control groups (62.1 \u00b1 6.7; p = 0.0001). 25(OH)D levels predicted SMI in diabetic patients, with an inverted odds ratio of 1.11 (p = 0.01). Symptomatic MI group survival was higher than the SMI one (6-year survival rate: 83 vs. 69%; p = 0.01). Diabetic patients with SMI had a higher mortality risk and showed lower 25(OH)D levels than the symptomatic group. This suggests the crucial role that vitamin D has in the pathogenesis of SMI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12112572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]],"date-time":"2022-10-24T02:31:03Z","timestamp":1666578663000},"page":"2572","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Low Levels of Vitamin D and Silent Myocardial Ischemia in Type 2 Diabetes: Clinical Correlations and Prognostic Significance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9065-1808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosario","family":"Rossi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Policlinico di Modena Hospital, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41124 Modena, MO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Talarico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital, Via Pio X 83, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Pascale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital, Via Pio X 83, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Pascale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital, Via Pio X 83, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7680-0851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Minici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital, Via Pio X 83, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9820-4815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Boriani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Policlinico di Modena Hospital, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41124 Modena, MO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2013.12.016","article-title":"Vitamin D Metabolism, Mechanism of Action, and Clinical Applications","volume":"21","author":"Bikle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. 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