{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T17:52:02Z","timestamp":1790099522953,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,30]],"date-time":"2022-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: To illustrate diagnostic and interventional imaging for the characterization and treatment of portal vein thrombosis (PVT). Introduction: The broad spectrum of congenital and acquired PVT manifestations is illustrated, with a focus on the pediatric population; diagnostic and interventional imaging techniques are described. Description: PVT frequently presents as an incidental finding at imaging in the screening for liver diseases or for other unrelated reasons. PVT can be classified based on: extension (intrahepatic, extrahepatic, involving the spleno-mesenteric tract, etc.); degree (partial or complete); onset (acute or chronic); and with or without cavernomatous transformation. This comprehensive review relies on the experience gained from a large series of congenital and acquired PVT in a referral center for pediatric and adult liver transplantation. Diagnostic and interventional imaging techniques are described, including: color\u2013Doppler and contrast-enhanced Ultrasound; CT and MR angiography; retrograde portography; percutaneous transhepatic, transplenic, and transmesenteric portography; transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation. Pre- and post-operative imaging assessment of the surgical meso-rex bypass is discussed. The description is enriched with an original series of pictorial imaging findings. Conclusion: PVT is a clinical condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diagnostic and interventional imaging plays a crucial role in both conservative and operative management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12112628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,30]],"date-time":"2022-10-30T04:57:34Z","timestamp":1667105854000},"page":"2628","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The Role of Imaging in Portal Vein Thrombosis: From the Diagnosis to the Interventional Radiological Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4935-8110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Marra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6991-2046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ludovico","family":"Dulcetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0507-2874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco Saverio","family":"Carbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0092-5065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Muglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Muscogiuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, 20149 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Cheli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7150-3148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"D\u2019Antiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Transplantation, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3880-4763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Colledan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Organ Failure and Transplantation, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Fagiuoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplantation Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandro","family":"Sironi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i2.143","article-title":"Portal vein thrombosis: Insight into physiopathology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"16","author":"Ponziani","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J. 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