{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:56:01Z","timestamp":1790726161205,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":141,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]],"date-time":"2022-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-endocrine findings in patients with MEN1 (multiple endocrine neoplasia) syndrome also include skin lesions, especially tumor-type lesions. This is a narrative review of the English-language medical literature including original studies concerning MEN1 and dermatological issues (apart from dermatologic features of each endocrine tumor\/neuroendocrine neoplasia), identified through a PubMed-based search (based on clinical relevance, with no timeline restriction or concern regarding the level of statistical significance). We identified 27 original studies involving clinical presentation of patients with MEN1 and cutaneous tumors; eight other original studies that also included the genetic background; and four additional original studies were included. The largest cohorts were from studies in Italy (N = 145 individuals), Spain (N = 90), the United States (N = 48 and N = 32), and Japan (N = 28). The age of patients varied from 18 to 76 years, with the majority of individuals in their forties. The most common cutaneous tumors are angiofibromas (AF), collagenomas (CG), and lipomas (L). Other lesions are atypical nevi, basocellular carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, acrochordons, papillomatosis confluens et reticularis, gingival papules, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma of the eyelid. Non-tumor aspects are confetti-like hypopigmentation, caf\u00e9-au-lait macules, and gingival papules. MEN1 gene, respective menin involvement has also been found in melanomas, but the association with MEN1 remains debatable. Typically, cutaneous tumors (AF, CG, and L) are benign and are surgically treated only for cosmetic reasons. Some of them are reported as first presentation. Even though skin lesions are not pathognomonic, recognizing them plays an important role in early identification of MEN1 patients. Whether a subgroup of MEN1 subjects is prone to developing these types of cutaneous lesions and how they influence MEN1 evolution is still an open issue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12112768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T04:14:01Z","timestamp":1668399241000},"page":"2768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Approach of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) Syndrome\u2013Related Skin Tumors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3670-8361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Livia-Cristiana","family":"B\u0103icoianu-Ni\u021bescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana-Maria","family":"Gheorghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, C.I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8585-3835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mara","family":"Carsote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, C. Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy & C.I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, 011683 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihai Cristian","family":"Dumitrascu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, C. Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy & University Emergency Hospital, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florica","family":"Sandru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, C. Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy & Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011368 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2990","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-1230","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)","volume":"97","author":"Thakker","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(54)90353-8","article-title":"Genetic aspects of adenomatosis of endocrine glands","volume":"16","author":"Wermer","year":"1954","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5658","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.12.8070","article-title":"Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of MEN type 1 and type 2","volume":"86","author":"Brandi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-021-00468-3","article-title":"Clinical aspects of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1","volume":"17","author":"Cadiot","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Lloyd, R.V., Osamura, R.Y., Kl\u00f6ppel, G., and Rosai, J. (2017). WHO Classification of Tumours of Endocrine Organs, MDText.com. [4th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-07-0195","article-title":"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 in Northern Finland; clinical features and genotype phenotype correlation","volume":"157","author":"Vierimaa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.38.3.185","article-title":"Founder effect in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) in Finland","volume":"38","author":"Villablanca","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"397","article-title":"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Clinical and genetic features of the hereditary endocrine neoplasias","volume":"54","author":"Marx","year":"1999","journal-title":"Recent Prog. Horm. Res."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.4.1630","article-title":"Menin, the product of the MEN1 gene, is a nuclear protein","volume":"95","author":"Guru","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R13","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-18-0050","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation in the tumorigenesis of MEN1-associated endocrine cell types","volume":"61","author":"Iyer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2010.07.003","article-title":"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)","volume":"24","author":"Thakker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"T119","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-17-0199","article-title":"The future: Genetics advances in MEN1 therapeutic approaches and management strategies","volume":"24","author":"Agarwal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr. -Relat. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1664-8_4","article-title":"Cellular functions of menin","volume":"668","author":"Hendy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2013.05.005","article-title":"Menin: A scaffold protein that controls gene expression and cell signaling","volume":"38","author":"Matkar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2013.08.002","article-title":"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) and type 4 (MEN4)","volume":"386","author":"Thakker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Feingold, K.R., Anawalt, B., and Boyce, A. (2000). Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1, MDText.com, Inc.. Endotext."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1664-8_3","article-title":"Menin: The protein behind the MEN1 syndrome","volume":"668","author":"Papaconstantinou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.68.4.820","article-title":"Mutation and cancer: Statistical study of retinoblastoma","volume":"68","author":"Knudson","year":"1971","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R121","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-13-0482","article-title":"Thoracic and duodenopancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Natural history and function of menin in tumorigenesis","volume":"21","author":"Pieterman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr. -Relat. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20605","article-title":"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1): Analysis of 1336 mutations reported in the first decade following identification of the gene","volume":"29","author":"Lemos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum. Mutat."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3835(02)00023-X","article-title":"Genetic insights into familial cancers\u2014Update and recent discoveries","volume":"181","author":"Marsh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"5272","article-title":"Allelic deletions on chromosome 11q13 in multiple tumors from individual MEN1 patients","volume":"56","author":"Lubensky","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02934.x","article-title":"Age-related penetrance of endocrine tumours in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1): A multicentre study of 258 gene carriers","volume":"67","author":"Machens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2006.03.002","article-title":"Tumours of familial origin in the head and neck","volume":"42","author":"Rodrigo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bvac001","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvac001","article-title":"MEN1 Surveillance Guidelines: Time to (Re)Think?","volume":"6","author":"Newey","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Endocr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.137.6.641","article-title":"Genotype-phenotype analysis in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1","volume":"137","author":"Kouvaraki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Surg."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591501","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.591501","article-title":"Phenotypes Associated With MEN1 Syndrome: A Focus on Genotype-Phenotype Correlations","volume":"11","author":"Mele","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaa031","article-title":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: Latest Insights","volume":"42","author":"Brandi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soc.2015.06.008","article-title":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia: Genetics & Clinical Management","volume":"24","author":"Norton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surg. Oncol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1000 Faculty Rev-73","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.7230.1","article-title":"Genetics of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome: What\u2019s new and what\u2019s old","volume":"6","author":"Falchetti","year":"2017","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-020-01414-2","article-title":"Uncommon tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1: Do they have a relationship with the prognosis of these patients?","volume":"44","author":"Febrero","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Investig."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"190040","article-title":"Clinical presentation and management of primary ovarian neuroendocrine tumor in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1","volume":"2019","author":"Jhawar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Diabetes Metab. Case Rep. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-3690","article-title":"MEN1-Dependent Breast Cancer: Indication for Early Screening? Results from the Dutch MEN1 Study Group","volume":"102","author":"Dreijerink","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1406028","article-title":"Breast-Cancer Predisposition in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1","volume":"371","author":"Dreijerink","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-002-0033-0","article-title":"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I","volume":"3","author":"Zarnegar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Treat. Options Oncol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-016-9401-0","article-title":"Hereditary Syndromes Predisposing to Endocrine Tumors and their Skin Manifestations","volume":"17","author":"Stratakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00339","article-title":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1): An Update and the Significance of Early Genetic and Clinical Diagnosis","volume":"10","author":"Kamilaris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20406223211035288","DOI":"10.1177\/20406223211035288","article-title":"Multiple endocrine neoplasia 1: A broad overview","volume":"12","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Chronic Dis."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1159\/000193058","article-title":"Combination of multiple skin malignancies with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Coincidental or pathogenetically related?","volume":"219","author":"Baldauf","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322007000400014","article-title":"The Impact of Clinical And Genetic Screenings On The Management Of The Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1","volume":"62","author":"Toledo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clinics"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1286324","article-title":"Clinical and prognostic implications of the genetic diagnosis of hereditary NET syndromes in asymptomatic patients","volume":"43","author":"Ramundo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Horm. Metab. Res."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00533","article-title":"The Importance of an Early and Accurate MEN1 Diagnosis","volume":"9","author":"Valk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-009-0290-1","article-title":"Risk factors and causes of death in MEN1 disease. A GTE (Groupe d\u2019Etude des Tumeurs Endocrines) cohort study among 758 patients","volume":"34","author":"Goudet","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"T227","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-17-0203","article-title":"Management impact: Effects on quality of life and prognosis in MEN1","volume":"24","author":"Marini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr. -Relat. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023252107120","article-title":"Quality of life in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1)","volume":"2","author":"Berglund","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fam. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s10897-006-9047-2","article-title":"Living with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: Decent Care-Insufficient Medical and Genetic Information A Qualitative Study of MEN 1 Patients in a Swedish Hospital","volume":"16","author":"Nordin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Genet. Couns."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-3766","article-title":"Impact of Delay in Diagnosis in Outcomes in MEN1: Results From the Dutch MEN1 Study Group","volume":"101","author":"Hermus","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1997.03890430067009","article-title":"Multiple facial angiofibromas and collagenomas in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1","volume":"133","author":"Darling","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00140.x","article-title":"Cutaneous tumors in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 show allelic deletion of the MEN1 gene","volume":"110","author":"Pack","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(99)70353-1","article-title":"Adult-onset angiofibroma and multiple endocrine neoplasia type I","volume":"41","author":"Steger","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0215(20000815)87:4<463::AID-IJC1>3.0.CO;2-8","article-title":"Malignant melanoma in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and involvement of the MEN1 gene in sporadic melanoma","volume":"87","author":"Nord","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.47.569","article-title":"Frequency of facial angiofibromas in Japanese patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1","volume":"47","author":"Sakurai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocr. J."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5328","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0218","article-title":"Cutaneous tumors in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasm type 1 (MEN1) and gastrinomas: Prospective study of frequency and development of criteria with high sensitivity and specificity for MEN1","volume":"89","author":"Asgharian","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03344129","article-title":"MEN1 family with a novel frameshift mutation","volume":"29","author":"Nuzzo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Investig."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.11.005","article-title":"Rapidly growing collagenomas in multiple endocrine neoplasia type I","volume":"56","author":"Xia","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.47.1127","article-title":"Facial angiofibroma as an initial manifestation in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1","volume":"47","author":"Sakurai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2008.02578.x","article-title":"Cutaneous lesions associated to multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1","volume":"22","author":"Vidal","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. JEADV"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/s12022-009-9059-1","article-title":"Reverse referral: From pathology to endocrinology","volume":"20","author":"Witchel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocr. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.01.026","article-title":"Multiple angiofibromas and collagenomas in a 45-year-old man with recurrent nephrolithiasis, fatigue, and vision loss","volume":"61","author":"Zeller","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cancergen.2011.03.006","article-title":"Combined characterization of a pituitary adenoma and a subcutaneous lipoma in a MEN1 patient with a whole gene deletion","volume":"204","author":"Rusconi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Genet."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.90956","article-title":"Neurocutaneous spectrum of multiple endocrine neoplasia-1","volume":"78","author":"Furtado","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.97679","article-title":"Not just skin deep: A case report of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1","volume":"57","author":"Simi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.5070\/D3209023911","article-title":"Incidental angiofibromas prompt a diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1 (MEN-1)","volume":"20","author":"Roman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dermatol. Online J."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.2186","article-title":"Malignant melanoma masquerading as an angiofibroma in a patient with MEN-1","volume":"151","author":"Brown","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12643","article-title":"Multiple cutaneous collagenomas in the setting of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1","volume":"42","author":"Yu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s40792-016-0214-x","article-title":"Concomitant existence of pheochromocytoma in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1","volume":"2","author":"Okada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s13053-017-0070-0","article-title":"Late onset asymptomatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor\u2014A case report on the phenotypic expansion for MEN1","volume":"15","author":"Kaiwar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hered. Cancer Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.5070\/D3238036007","article-title":"Folliculin mutation-negative trichodiscomas in a patient with multiple endocine neoplasia type I syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Yeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol. Online J."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-018-0938-8","article-title":"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Extensive analysis of a large database of Florentine patients","volume":"13","author":"Marini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radman, M., and Milicevic, T. (2020). A novel mutation of the MEN1 gene in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and recurrent fibromyxoid sarcoma\u2014A case report. BMC Med. Genet., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12881-020-01129-4"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fushimi, Y., Kamei, S., Tatsumi, F., Sanada, J., Shimoda, M., Kimura, T., Obata, A., Nakanishi, S., Kaku, K., and Mune, T. (2021). Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 with a frameshift mutation in its gene accompanied by a giant cervical lipoma and multiple fatty deposits in the pancreas: Case report. BMC Endocr. Disord., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-021-00821-7"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ranaweerage, R., Perera, S., and Sathischandra, H. (2022). Occult insulinoma with treatment refractory, severe hypoglycaemia in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome; difficulties faced during diagnosis, localization and management; a case report. BMC Endocr. Disord., 22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-00985-w"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.21037\/tp.2017.09.08","article-title":"Dermatologic manifestations of endocrine disorders","volume":"6","author":"Lause","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.14060","article-title":"Clinical and histopathological evaluation of cutaneous angiofibromas","volume":"48","author":"Nasimi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_75","unstructured":"Macri, A., Kwan, E., and Tanner, L.S. (2022). Cutaneous Angiofibroma, StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(00)00372-6","article-title":"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: New clinical and basic findings","volume":"12","author":"Schussheim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab. TEM"},{"key":"ref_77","first-page":"179","article-title":"Tuberous Sclerosis","volume":"19","author":"Amorim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Skinmed"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2016.02.022","article-title":"Skin manifestations of endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"43","author":"Leventhal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.5070\/D30PC1R638","article-title":"Numerous fibrous papules of the face unassociated with any genodermatosis","volume":"13","author":"Elifritz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatol. Online J."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.33320","article-title":"Absence of signs of systemic involvement in four patients with bilateral multiple facial angiofibromas","volume":"152","author":"Hunter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet. Part A"},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"41","article-title":"Isolated collagenoma on the face: A rare occurrence","volume":"28","author":"Shruti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol. Alp. Pannonica Et Adriat."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70126-8","article-title":"Lessons from the skin\u2014Cutaneous features of familial cancer","volume":"9","author":"Winship","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.4158\/EP11055.RA","article-title":"Skin lesions in hereditary endocrine tumor syndromes","volume":"17","author":"Saggini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2014.10.071","article-title":"Massive intrathoracic lipoma in men1 syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Sturiale","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2016150133","article-title":"Spectrum of Fat-containing Soft-Tissue Masses at MR Imaging: The Common, the Uncommon, the Characteristic, and the Sometimes Confusing","volume":"36","author":"Gupta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658842","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.658842","article-title":"The Skin in Cowden Syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Lim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-978593","article-title":"Sequence analysis of the MEN I gene in two patients with multiple cutaneous lipomas and endocrine tumors","volume":"32","author":"Schulte","year":"2000","journal-title":"Horm. Metab. Res."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.82.5.3944","article-title":"Loss of heterozygosity at 11q13: Analysis of pituitary tumors, lung carcinoids, lipomas, and other uncommon tumors in subjects with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1","volume":"82","author":"Dong","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00317.x","article-title":"Somatic mutations of the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene detected in sporadic angiofibromas","volume":"111","author":"Vortmeyer","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2002.01505.x","article-title":"Mutational analysis of Portuguese families with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 reveals large germline deletions","volume":"56","author":"Cavaco","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1196","article-title":"RFLP analysis of human chromosome 11 region q13 in multiple symmetric lipomatosis and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1-associated lipomas","volume":"207","author":"Morelli","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00167-13","article-title":"MEN1 is a melanoma tumor suppressor that preserves genomic integrity by stimulating transcription of genes that promote homologous recombination-directed DNA repair","volume":"33","author":"Fang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2010.01222.x","article-title":"Menin represses malignant phenotypes of melanoma through regulating multiple pathways","volume":"15","author":"Gao","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2016.237","article-title":"Spitz nevi and Spitzoid melanomas: Exome sequencing and comparison with conventional melanocytic nevi and melanomas","volume":"30","author":"Lazova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1097\/00008390-199906000-00006","article-title":"Mutation analysis of the MEN1 tumour suppressor gene in malignant melanoma","volume":"9","author":"Vortmeyer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Melanoma Res."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.11.1045","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations of hereditary syndromes","volume":"54","author":"Heymann","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2017.09.044","article-title":"FLCN: The causative gene for Birt-Hogg-Dub\u00e9 syndrome","volume":"640","author":"Schmidt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjopt.2015.11.006","article-title":"Corneal xanthogranuloma in association with multiple endocrine neoplasia 1: A clinicopathologic case report and review of the literature","volume":"30","author":"Alkatan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Saudi J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.11.019","article-title":"Oral findings in 58 adults with tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"56","author":"Sparling","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(97)90152-9","article-title":"Birt-Hogg-Dub\u00e9 syndrome: A review and presentation of the first case with oral lesions","volume":"83","author":"Nadershahi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4639248","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4639248","article-title":"Evaluation of Lipid Profile in Patients with Cherry Angioma: A Case-Control Study in Guilan, Iran","volume":"2018","author":"Darjani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dermatol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1159\/000517172","article-title":"Anatomic Distribution of Cherry Angiomas in the General Population","volume":"238","author":"Koh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000001216","article-title":"Campbell de Morgan Spots (Cherry Angiomas) Show Endothelial Proliferation","volume":"40","author":"Colmenero","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Dermatopathol."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000002791","article-title":"Treatment Modalities for Cherry Angiomas: A Systematic Review","volume":"46","author":"Buslach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatol. Surg."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.4103\/jfcm.JFCM_293_19","article-title":"Cherry angioma: A case\u2013control study","volume":"27","author":"Nazer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Fam. Community Med."},{"key":"ref_106","first-page":"224","article-title":"Cutaneous findings in patients with acromegaly","volume":"21","author":"Akoglu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol. Croat. ADC"},{"key":"ref_107","first-page":"713","article-title":"Utilization of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Evaluation of Cherry Hemangiomas","volume":"15","author":"Aldahan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Drugs Dermatol. JDD"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvscit.2019.06.015","article-title":"Use of high-power diode laser at 1060 nm for the treatment of vascular lesions","volume":"5","author":"Bordera","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg. Cases Innov. Tech."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14706","article-title":"Molecular genetic testing in the management of pituitary disease","volume":"97","author":"Coopmans","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bogus\u0142awska, A., and Korbonits, M. (2021). Genetics of Acromegaly and Gigantism. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10071377"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596554","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.596554","article-title":"Genetic and Epigenetic Causes of Pituitary Adenomas","volume":"11","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1143-5930","article-title":"Clinical and Molecular Update on Genetic Causes of Pituitary Adenomas","volume":"52","author":"Vasilev","year":"2020","journal-title":"Horm. Metab. Res."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14727","article-title":"Update on the clinical management of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1","volume":"97","author":"Pieterman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2021.04.011","article-title":"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) and neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs)","volume":"79","author":"Effraimidis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semin. Cancer Biol."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000002234","article-title":"Cowden Disease: A Review","volume":"44","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Dermatopathol."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000001144","article-title":"Tumor predisposition: What\u2019s the skin got to do with it?","volume":"34","author":"Stacy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.37897\/RMJ.2020.1.1","article-title":"Functioning pituitary tumors: Hints from the skin","volume":"67","author":"Sandru","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rom. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2020.03.007","article-title":"Genodermatoses with malignant potential","volume":"38","author":"Ladd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adengl.2019.07.019","article-title":"Skin Biopsy in the Context of Systemic Disease","volume":"110","year":"2019","journal-title":"Actas Dermo-Sifiliogr\u00e1ficas"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.11.004","article-title":"What\u2019s New in Genetic Skin Diseases","volume":"37","author":"Hill","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatol. Clin."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-022-02738-0","article-title":"Current understanding of epigenetics role in melanoma treatment and resistance","volume":"22","author":"Azargoonjahromi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0000000000000857","article-title":"Ultraviolet A radiation exposure and melanoma: A review","volume":"32","author":"Fadadu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Melanoma Res."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bacorn, C., Serrano, M., and Lin, L.K. (2022). Review of sociodemographic risk factors for presentation with advanced non-melanoma skin cancer. Orbit, 1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830.2022.2123930"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chu, P.Y., Chen, Y.F., Li, C.Y., Wang, T.H., Chiu, Y.J., and Ma, H. (2022). Influencing factors associated with lymph node status in patients with cutaneous melanoma: An Asian population study. J. Chin. Med. Assoc.","DOI":"10.1097\/JCMA.0000000000000809"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chiavarini, M., Naldini, G., Giacchetta, I., and Fabiani, R. (2022). Exogenous Hormone Factors in Relation to the Risk of Malignant Melanoma in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14133192"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2022.8432","article-title":"Melanoma metastasis: What role does melanin play?","volume":"48","author":"Saud","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2022.100525","article-title":"Predictors of germline status for hereditary melanoma: 5 years of multi-gene panel testing within the Italian Melanoma Intergroup","volume":"7","author":"Bruno","year":"2022","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936145","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.936145","article-title":"Growth hormone receptor antagonism downregulates ATP-binding cassette transporters contributing to improved drug efficacy against melanoma and hepatocarcinoma in vivo","volume":"12","author":"Basu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qian, Y., Basu, R., Mathes, S.C., Arnett, N.A., Duran-Ortiz, S., Funk, K.R., Brittain, A.L., Kulkarni, P., Terry, J.C., and Davis, E. (2020). Growth Hormone Upregulates Mediators of Melanoma Drug Efflux and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition In Vitro and In Vivo. Cancers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12123640"},{"key":"ref_130","first-page":"100716","article-title":"Autocrine\/paracrine actions of growth hormone in human melanoma cell lines","volume":"21","author":"Buckels","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Rep."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31854","article-title":"Circulating insulin-like growth factor I in relation to melanoma risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition","volume":"144","author":"Bradbury","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-017-0292-7","article-title":"Growth Hormone Receptor Knockdown Sensitizes, F. Human Melanoma Cells to Chemotherapy by Attenuating Expression of ABC Drug Efflux Pumps","volume":"8","author":"Basu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Horm Cancer"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0000000000000826","article-title":"Female melanoma and estrogen receptors expression: An immunohistochemical pilot study","volume":"32","author":"Dika","year":"2022","journal-title":"Melanoma Res."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.37897\/RJMP.2020.1.7","article-title":"Skin involvement in neuroendocrine neoplasia","volume":"15","author":"Valea","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rom. J. Med. Pract."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2017.3959","article-title":"Dermal Hyperneury and Multiple Sclerotic Fibromas in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A Syndrome","volume":"153","author":"Robledo","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_136","first-page":"145","article-title":"Cutaneous hyperneury: A new entity or an atypical cutaneous manifestation of MEN 2B?","volume":"13","author":"Bhatt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Skinmed"},{"key":"ref_137","first-page":"103","article-title":"Acquired segmental neuromas","volume":"32","year":"2013","journal-title":"Puerto Rico Health Sci. J."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/07357907.2018.1430813","article-title":"The Clinical Spectrum of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A with Cutaneous Lichen Amyloidosis in Ethnic Han Chinese","volume":"36","author":"Qi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Investig."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.01.005","article-title":"Multiple cutaneous neuromas and macular amyloidosis associated with medullary thyroid carcinoma","volume":"56","author":"Baykal","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.84a.16121","article-title":"Scapular rash and endocrine neoplasia","volume":"84","author":"Razmi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clevel. Clin. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e238423","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-238423","article-title":"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A with cutaneous lichen amyloidosis","volume":"13","author":"Malhotra","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/12\/11\/2768\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:16:59Z","timestamp":1760145419000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/12\/11\/2768"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]]},"references-count":141,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics12112768"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics12112768","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4418","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]]}}}