{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:56:52Z","timestamp":1792180612097,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to determine the diagnostic value of anti-parietal cell antibodies (anti-PCA), anti-intrinsic factor antibodies (anti-IFA), pepsinogen ratio (PGI\/II), and gastrin-17 (G-17) in corpus-restricted atrophic gastritis (CRAG) detected by ELISA (Inova, Biohit). Our study compared 29 CRAG cases against 58 age- and sex-matched controls with mild or no atrophy. Anti-PCA and anti-IFA positive cutoff values were \u226525 units for both. PGI\/II value &lt;3 was considered characteristic for atrophy; positive cutoff values for G-17 and anti-H. pylori IgG were &gt;5 pg\/L and &gt;30 EIU. Anti-PCA was positive in 65.5% For CRAG cases and 13.8% of the controls (p &lt; 0.0001), anti-IFA was positive in 13.8% and 0% (p = 0.01), respectively. Decreased pepsinogen levels were present in 79.3% of CRAG cases and 10.3% of the controls (p &lt; 0.0001). PGI\/II ratio was the best single biomarker, with sensitivity = 79%, specificity = 90%, and AUC 0.90. The combined use of PGI\/II and anti-PCA resulted in AUC 0.93 for detecting CRAG. Our study suggests that the best combination of non-invasive biomarkers for detecting CRAG is PGI\/II with anti-PCA. The addition of G-17 and anti-IFA is of little utility in clinical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12112784","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T02:31:15Z","timestamp":1668479475000},"page":"2784","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The Diagnostic Value of Anti-Parietal Cell and Intrinsic Factor Antibodies, Pepsinogens, and Gastrin-17 in Corpus-Restricted Atrophic Gastritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Petra","family":"Kri\u0137e","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine & Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 R\u012bga, Latvia"},{"name":"Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zakera","family":"Shums","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headquarters & Technology Center Autoimmunity, Werfen, San Diego, CA 92121, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9892-7765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inese","family":"Po\u013caka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine & Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 R\u012bga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilze","family":"Kikuste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases Centre GASTRO, Hong Kong 122001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aigars","family":"Vanags","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases Centre GASTRO, Hong Kong 122001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivars","family":"Tolmanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases Centre GASTRO, Hong Kong 122001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergejs","family":"Isajevs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Histology Laboratory, LV-1073 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inta","family":"Liepniece-Karele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, R\u012bga Stradi\u0146\u0161 University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daiga","family":"Santare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine & Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 R\u012bga, Latvia"},{"name":"Riga East University Hospital, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6253-9130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lilian","family":"Tzivian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine & Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 R\u012bga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dace","family":"Rudz\u012bte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Riga East University Hospital, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minkyo","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Constanza","family":"Camargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8992-1866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gary L.","family":"Norman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headquarters & Technology Center Autoimmunity, Werfen, San Diego, CA 92121, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0319-8855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u0101rcis","family":"Leja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine & Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 R\u012bga, Latvia"},{"name":"Digestive Diseases Centre GASTRO, Hong Kong 122001, China"},{"name":"Riga East University Hospital, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.2147\/CEG.S109123","article-title":"Autoimmune atrophic gastritis: Current perspectives","volume":"10","author":"Minalyan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. 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