{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:38:43Z","timestamp":1787027923586,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]],"date-time":"2022-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We sought to systematically review and meta-analy the role of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) and compare this in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and cognitively normal adults (CN). The prevalence of AD is increasing and leading to high healthcare costs. A potential biomarker that can identify people at risk of developing AD, whilst cognition is normal or only mildly affected, will enable risk-stratification and potential therapeutic interventions in the future. All studies investigated the role of CBF in the MTL and compared this among AD, MCI, and CN participants. A total of 26 studies were included in the systematic review and 11 in the meta-analysis. Three separate meta-analyses were conducted. Four studies compared CBF in the hippocampus of AD compared with the CN group and showed that AD participants had 2.8 mL\/min\/100 g lower perfusion compared with the CN group. Eight studies compared perfusion in the hippocampus of MCI vs. CN group, which showed no difference. Three studies compared perfusion in the MTL of MCI vs. CN participants and showed no statistically significant differences. CBF measured via ASL-MRI showed impairment in AD compared with the CN group in subregions of the MTL. CBF difference was significant in hippocampus between the AD and CN groups. However, MCI and CN group showed no significant difference in subregions of MTL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12122967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T04:31:16Z","timestamp":1669609876000},"page":"2967","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The Utility of Arterial Spin Labeling MRI in Medial Temporal Lobe as a Vascular Biomarker in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Spectrum: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Efthymia Maria","family":"Kapasouri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge University Hospitals, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK"},{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diomidis C.","family":"Ioannidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge University Hospitals, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK"},{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9841-6909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donnie","family":"Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK"},{"name":"C. J. Gorter MRI Center, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4005-7752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vassilios S.","family":"Vassiliou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Hornberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.96","article-title":"A clinicopathological approach to the diagnosis of dementia","volume":"13","author":"Elahi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. 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