{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T15:28:56Z","timestamp":1769354936521,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]],"date-time":"2022-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Biomarkers, electrocardiogram (ECG) and Holter ECG are basic, accessible and feasible cardiac investigations. The combination of their results may lead to a more complex predictive model that may improve the clinical approach in acute heart failure (AHF). The main objective was to investigate which ECG parameters are correlated with the usual cardiac biomarkers (prohormone N-terminal proBNP, high-sensitive cardiac troponin I) in patients with acute heart failure, in a population from Romania. The relationship between certain ECG parameters and cardiac biomarkers may support future research on their combined prognostic value. Methods: In this prospective case-control study were included 49 patients with acute heart failure and 31 participants in the control group. For all patients we measured levels of prohormone N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP), high-sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) and MB isoenzyme of creatine phosphokinase (CK-MB) and evaluated the 12-lead ECG and 24 h Holter monitoring. Complete clinical and paraclinical evaluation was performed. Results: NT-proBNP level was significantly higher in patients with AHF (p &lt; 0.001). In patients with AHF, NT-proBNP correlated with cQTi (p = 0.027), pathological Q wave (p = 0.029), complex premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) (p = 0.034) and ventricular tachycardia (p = 0.048). Hs-cTnI and CK-MB were correlated with ST-segment modification (p = 0.038; p = 0.018) and hs-cTnI alone with complex PVCs (p = 0.031). Conclusions: The statistical relationships found between cardiac biomarkers and ECG patterns support the added value of ECG in the diagnosis of AHF. We emphasize the importance of proper ECG analysis of more subtle parameters that can easily be missed. As a non-invasive technique, ECG can be used in the outpatient setting as a warning signal, announcing the acute decompensation of HF. In addition, the information provided by the ECG complements the biomarker results, supporting the diagnosis of AHF in cases of dyspnea of uncertain etiology. Further studies are needed to confirm long-term prognosis in a multi-marker approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12123037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T04:10:02Z","timestamp":1670213402000},"page":"3037","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["ECG and Biomarker Profile in Patients with Acute Heart Failure: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Adriana","family":"Chetran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGr. T. Popa\u201d, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, Clinical Emergency Hospital \u201cSfantul Spiridon\u201d, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8544-9904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandru Dan","family":"Costache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGr. T. Popa\u201d, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0673-0736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen Iulia","family":"Ciongradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Surgery\u2014Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Pediatric and Orthopaedic Surgery Clinic, \u201cSf\u00e2nta Maria\u201d Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefania Teodora","family":"Duca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGr. T. Popa\u201d, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, Clinical Emergency Hospital \u201cSfantul Spiridon\u201d, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9438-8565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ovidiu","family":"Mitu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGr. T. Popa\u201d, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, Clinical Emergency Hospital \u201cSfantul Spiridon\u201d, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victorita","family":"Sorodoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGr. T. Popa\u201d, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"II Internal Medicine Clinic, Clinical Emergency Hospital \u201cSfantul Spiridon\u201d, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Corina Maria","family":"Cianga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGr. T. Popa\u201d, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Immunology Laboratory, Clinical Emergency Hospital \u201cSfantul Spiridon\u201d, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Tuchilus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Microbiology Laboratory, Clinical Emergency Hospital \u201cSfantul Spiridon\u201d, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2370-3166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivona","family":"Mitu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGr. T. Popa\u201d, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raluca Daria","family":"Mitea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cLucian Blaga, 550169 Sibiu, Romania"},{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sibiu, 550245 Sibiu, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8942-1909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minerva Codruta","family":"Badescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGr. T. Popa\u201d, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"III Internal Medicine Clinic, Clinical Emergency Hospital \u201cSfantul Spiridon\u201d, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1218-3951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Afrasanie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGr. T. Popa\u201d, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, Clinical Emergency Hospital \u201cSfantul Spiridon\u201d, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bogdan","family":"Huzum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, \u201cSf. Spiridon\u201d Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4140-0492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefana Maria","family":"Moisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristian Sorin","family":"Prepeliuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cSaint Parascheva\u201d, Infectious Diseases Clinical Universitary Hospital Iasi, 700116 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mihai","family":"Roca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGr. T. Popa\u201d, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irina Iuliana","family":"Costache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGr. T. Popa\u201d, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, Clinical Emergency Hospital \u201cSfantul Spiridon\u201d, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.15420\/cfr.2016:25:2","article-title":"Global Public Health Burden of Heart Failure","volume":"3","author":"Savarese","year":"2017","journal-title":"Card. Fail. 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