{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T22:04:12Z","timestamp":1780524252386,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MH CZ\u2013DRO","award":["00098892"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00098892"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a beneficial procedure for treating idiopathic Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), essential tremor, and dystonia. The authors describe their set of imaging modalities used for a frameless and fiducial-less method of DBS. CT and MRI scans are obtained preoperatively, and STN parcellation is done based on diffusion tractography. During the surgery, an intraoperative cone-beam computed tomography scan is obtained and merged with the preoperatively-acquired images to place electrodes using a frameless and fiducial-less system. Accuracy is evaluated prospectively. The described sequence of imaging methods shows excellent accuracy compared to the frame-based techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12123132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T02:59:01Z","timestamp":1670900341000},"page":"3132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Imaging Modalities Used for Frameless and Fiducial-Less Deep Brain Stimulation: A Single Centre Exploratory Study among Parkinson\u2019s Disease Cases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4907-7960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Krahulik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1116-8621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filip","family":"Blazek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7160-5283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Nevrly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Otruba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lumir","family":"Hrabalek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9009-3241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petr","family":"Kanovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Valosek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27372","article-title":"International Parkinson and movement disorder society evidence-based medicine review: Update on treatments for the motor symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"33","author":"Fox","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mov. 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