{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T02:16:54Z","timestamp":1785550614375,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]],"date-time":"2022-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"state scientific programs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AAAA-A19-119101590007-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AAAA-A19-119101590007-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"state scientific programs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AAAA-A18-118011990043-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AAAA-A18-118011990043-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"state scientific programs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["121022500180-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["121022500180-6"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Androgen assessment is a key element for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and defining a \u201cnormal\u201d level of circulating androgens is critical for epidemiological studies. We determined the upper normal limits (UNLs) for androgens in a population-based group of premenopausal \u201chealthy control\u201d women, overall and by ethnicity (Caucasian and Asian), in the cross-sectional Eastern Siberia PCOS Epidemiology and Phenotype (ESPEP) Study (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05194384) conducted in 2016\u20132019. Overall, we identified a \u201chealthy control\u201d group consisting of 143 healthy premenopausal women without menstrual dysfunction, hirsutism, polycystic ovaries, or medical disorders. We analyzed serum total testosterone (TT) by using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS), and DHEAS, sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), TSH, prolactin, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) were assessed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The UNLs for the entire population for the TT, free androgen index (FAI), and DHEAS were determined as the 98th percentiles in healthy controls as follows: 67.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 48.1, 76.5) ng\/dl, 5.4 (3.5, 14.0), and 355 (289, 371) \u03bcg\/dl, respectively. The study results demonstrated that the UNLs for TT and FAI varied by ethnicity, whereas the DHEAS UNLs were comparable in the ethnicities studied.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13010033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T02:36:46Z","timestamp":1671763006000},"page":"33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Establishing Normative Values to Determine the Prevalence of Biochemical Hyperandrogenism in Premenopausal Women of Different Ethnicities from Eastern Siberia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6271-7803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larisa","family":"Suturina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daria","family":"Lizneva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Atalyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludmila","family":"Lazareva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksey","family":"Belskikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatyana","family":"Bairova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonid","family":"Sholokhov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Rashidova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, 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Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zorikto","family":"Darzhaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eldar","family":"Sharifulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9720-068X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Belkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilia","family":"Igumnov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatyana","family":"Trofimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasiya","family":"Khomyakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0177-234X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kseniia","family":"Ievleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Babaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Egorova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madinabonu","family":"Salimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Public Institution \u201cScientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems\u201d, 16, Timiryazeva Str., 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1797-7662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bulent O.","family":"Yildiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Hacettepe, 06100 Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard S.","family":"Legro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Dr, Hershey, PA 17033, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank Z.","family":"Stanczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Azziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1700 6th Ave, South Birmingham, AL 35249, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4237","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0178","article-title":"Positions statement: Criteria for defining polycystic ovary syndrome as a predominantly hyperandrogenic syndrome: An Androgen Excess Society guideline","volume":"91","author":"Azziz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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