{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:21:06Z","timestamp":1790796066738,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcpO2) is used to determine the severity of lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD). Many authors used a ratio of limb to chest TcpO2, also called the regional perfusion index (RPI), which should be independent of variations in oxygen delivery and reflective of local limb oxygen supply. The relevance of a reference probe-positioned TcpO2 electrode is debated. We aimed to review the relevance of the reference probe in previous studies using rest TcpO2. (2) Methods: We searched Medline and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials on 22 September 2022 using keywords related to TcpO2, reference probe and LEAD. (3) Results\/Discussion: Fifteen studies were included in the review. Nine studies investigated LEAD severity (n = 9), amputation healing predication (n = 4), surgical outcome prediction (n = 2), therapeutic effect (n = 3) and difference according to diabetic status (n = 1). Four studies investigated more than 1 indication. Among 12 (16.7%) studies using RPI, only two authors found a benefit of using RPI instead of absolute TcpO2. Using only univariate analysis, one author reported that RPI was significantly related to viability at 1 year, while distal TcpO2 was not, on 13 limbs. The following year, the same author published a new study including 118 limbs that reported that RPI and absolute TcPO2 were both prognostic factors for limb viability at 1 year using a multivariate model. (4) Conclusions: Only one study firmly supporting the use of RPI, calculated using a reference probe on the arm, to predict BKA healing. Prospective studies are needed to validate this result; for other indications there is insufficient data supporting the use of a TcpO2 reference probe at rest.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13010077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T08:42:22Z","timestamp":1672216942000},"page":"77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Reference Probe for TcpO2 at Rest: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Judith","family":"Catella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Interne et Vasculaire, H\u00f4pital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Excellence du Globule Rouge (Labex GR-Ex), Sorbonne, 75015 Paris, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricit\u00e9 (LIBM) EA7424, Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France"},{"name":"UMR 5305: Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ing\u00e9nierie Th\u00e9rapeutique, CNRS\/Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Prot\u00e9ines, 69367 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Mah\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Vasculaire, CHU de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France"},{"name":"Inserm CIC 1414, Universit\u00e9 de Rennes 1, CEDEX 9, 35033 Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georges","family":"Leftheriotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Unit\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine et Physiologie Vasculaire, Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, LP2M CNRS-7073, 06200 Nice, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Interne et Vasculaire, H\u00f4pital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricit\u00e9 (LIBM) EA7424, Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35S","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000225431.63010.1b","article-title":"Chronic wound pathogenesis and current treatment strategies: A unifying hypothesis","volume":"117","author":"Mustoe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plast. 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