{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T21:31:49Z","timestamp":1768253509550,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,2]],"date-time":"2023-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002842","name":"Chiang Mai University Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMU-2566"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU-2566"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002842","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Calcified subserous leiomyoma is a rare benign tumor commonly seen in the postmenopausal age group. Cases with severely calcified degeneration all over the mass are extremely rare. It causes diagnostic confusion with the solid calcified adnexal mass and the large bladder calculi in the pelvis. We hereby present a case of heavily calcified subserous uterine leiomyoma in a 66-year-old postmenopausal woman. An X-ray of the abdomen and pelvis and CT scan showed a pelvic mass with scattered popcorn appearance in the pelvis, representing severely calcified discrete spots all over the mass. Sonographically, different from typical uterine leiomyomas which exhibit recurrent refractory shadowing patterns, our case showed heavy homogeneous acoustic shadow obscuring all structures beneath the mass surface, resulting in a suboptimal ultrasound examination. Accordingly, CT scans, which are usually not a primary tool for the diagnosis of uterine leiomyomas, are helpful to characterize the mass and identify their organ of origin. The case presented here was treated with a hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy and was post-operatively confirmed for severely calcified subserous leiomyomas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13010154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]],"date-time":"2023-01-03T02:05:53Z","timestamp":1672711553000},"page":"154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Popcorn Appearance of Severely Calcified Uterine Leiomyoma: Image-Pathological Correlation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Charuwan","family":"Tantipalakorn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Surapan","family":"Khunamornpong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sirinart","family":"Sirilert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3389-6478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theera","family":"Tongsong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610400024583","article-title":"Age-related prevalence of sonographicaly confirmed uterine myomas","volume":"25","author":"Lurie","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.174.1.1740097","article-title":"Refractory shadowing from pelvic masses on sonography: A useful diagnostic sign for uterine leiomyomas","volume":"174","author":"Caoili","year":"2000","journal-title":"AJR Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.10.6.2259770","article-title":"CT appearance of uterine leiomyomas","volume":"10","author":"Casillas","year":"1990","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S131","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.19.suppl_1.g99oc04s131","article-title":"Unusual appearances of uterine leiomyomas: MR imaging findings and their histopathologic backgrounds","volume":"19","author":"Ueda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.4293\/108680810X12785289144962","article-title":"An unusual presentation of a severely calcified parasitic leiomyoma in a postmenopausal woman","volume":"14","author":"Hwang","year":"2010","journal-title":"JSLS"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1136\/postgradmedj-2018-135996","article-title":"Calcified leiomyoma of the uterus following brachytherapy","volume":"95","author":"Iliyas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.131.6.955","article-title":"Prospective comparison of ultrasound and computed tomography in the evaluation of gynecologic pelvic masses","volume":"131","author":"Walsh","year":"1978","journal-title":"AJR Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2014.04.011","article-title":"Management of leiomyomas in perimenopausal women","volume":"78","author":"Ciarmela","year":"2014","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.4103\/2156-7514.107912","article-title":"Broad ligament fibroid mimicking as ovarian tumor on ultrasonography and computed tomography scan","volume":"3","author":"Rajanna","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Imaging Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.196.1.7784598","article-title":"Acoustic shadowing from uterine leiomyomas: Sonographic-pathologic correlation","volume":"196","author":"Kliewer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Radiology"}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/13\/1\/154\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T17:56:38Z","timestamp":1760118998000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/13\/1\/154"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,2]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics13010154"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics13010154","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4418","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,2]]}}}