{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T01:10:57Z","timestamp":1789521057485,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Managing patients with neurocritical illness requires monitoring and treating elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), especially in cases in children. In terms of precise and real-time measurements, invasive ICP measurements are presently the gold standard for the initial diagnosis and follow-up ICP assessments. As a rapid and non-invasive way to detect elevated ICP, point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) has been proposed. The utility of bedside POCUS of ONSD to detect elevated ICP with excellent diagnostic test accuracy in adults has already been demonstrated. Nonetheless, data on the relationship between POCUS of ONSD and ICP in children are scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to point out the most recent findings from the pediatric published literature and briefly discuss what was assessed with ONSD ultrasound examination, and also to describe and discuss the diagnostic procedures available for optic nerve ultrasound appraisal. A search of the medical databases PubMed and Scopus was carried out. The terms such as \u201cocular ultrasonography\u201d, \u201cICP assessment\u201d, \u201cchildren\u201d, \u201cpoint-of-care ultrasound\u201d, and \u201cPOCUS\u201d were searched. In conclusion, the use of the standardized A-scan technique coupled with the B-scan technique should be suggested to provide data that are as accurate, precise, repeatable, and objective as possible.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13030535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T03:24:49Z","timestamp":1675308289000},"page":"535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Optic Nerve Ultrasound Evaluation in Children: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Giulia","family":"Abbinante","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Unit, \u201cLuigi Curto\u201d Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, Polla, 84035 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7867-3342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Livio","family":"Vitiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Unit, \u201cLuigi Curto\u201d Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, Polla, 84035 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Coppola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Unit, \u201cLuigi Curto\u201d Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, Polla, 84035 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Salerno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Unit, \u201cLuigi Curto\u201d Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, Polla, 84035 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Gagliardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Unit, \u201cLuigi Curto\u201d Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, Polla, 84035 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Pellegrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Unit, \u201cLuigi Curto\u201d Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, Polla, 84035 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-007-0012-1","article-title":"Role of intracranial pressure values and patterns in predicting outcome in traumatic brain injury: A systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Treggiari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurocrit. 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