{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:53:05Z","timestamp":1760147585102,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,18]],"date-time":"2023-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We report a case of orbital metastasis of infiltrative breast carcinoma in a 65-year-old man. The patient was diagnosed with stage four breast cancer one year before, for which a mastectomy was performed. He refused postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy at that time. He had a history of lung, liver, and mediastinal metastases. At admission, he presented with blurred vision, diplopia, ocular pain, and mild swelling of the upper lid of the left eye (LE). Computed tomography (CT) of the brain and orbit revealed a front-ethmoidal tissue mass with left orbital and frontal intracranial extension. Ophthalmologic examination revealed exophthalmos on the LE with a downward and outward deviation of the eyeball, proptosis, and intraocular pressure (IOP) of 40 mmHg. The patient\u2019s treatment started with topical maximal anti-glaucomatous drops and radiotherapy sessions. After three weeks of follow-up, there was a gradual improvement of local symptoms and signs and a normal IOP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13040780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T05:57:52Z","timestamp":1676872672000},"page":"780","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Orbital Metastases of Breast Cancer in Males"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Cosmin Adrian","family":"Teodoru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University \u201cLucian Blaga\u201d Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9856-8515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihai Dan","family":"Roman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Faculty of Medicine, University \u201cLucian Blaga\u201d Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hora\u021biu","family":"Dura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University \u201cLucian Blaga\u201c Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2395-3683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria-Emilia","family":"Cerghedean-Florea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University \u201cLucian Blaga\u201d Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soc.2014.03.011","article-title":"Epidemiology of breast cancer","volume":"23","author":"Ban","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surg. 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Surg."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"BMT32","DOI":"10.2217\/bmt-2019-0020","article-title":"Male Breast Cancer: A Neglected Disease","volume":"8","author":"Fentiman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Manag."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625663","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.625663","article-title":"Metastatic Orbital Tumor From Breast Ductal Carcinoma With Neuroendocrine Differentiation Initially Presenting as Ocular Symptoms: A Case Report and Literature Review","volume":"12","author":"Togashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"471","article-title":"The role of episcleral venous pressure in the development of secondary glaucomas","volume":"193","author":"Guthoff","year":"1988","journal-title":"Klin. Mon. Fur Augenheilkd."}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/13\/4\/780\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:36:15Z","timestamp":1760121375000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/13\/4\/780"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,18]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics13040780"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics13040780","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2075-4418"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,18]]}}}