{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:59:53Z","timestamp":1760147993936,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"ZonMw","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10430102110008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10430102110008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum are well-known complications of invasive ventilation in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. We determined the incidences of air leaks that were visible on available chest images in a cohort of critically ill patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) in a single-center cohort in the Netherlands. A total of 712 chest images from 154 patients were re-evaluated by a multidisciplinary team of independent assessors; there was a median of three (2\u20135) chest radiographs and a median of one (1\u20132) chest CT scans per patient. The incidences of subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothoraxes and pneumomediastinum present in 13 patients (8.4%) were 4.5%, 4.5%, and 3.9%. The median first day of the presence of an air leak was 18 (2\u201321) days after arrival in the ICU and 18 (9\u201322)days after the start of invasive ventilation. We conclude that the incidence of air leaks was high in this cohort of COVID-19 patients, but it was fairly comparable with what was previously reported in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in the pre-COVID-19 era.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13061156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T02:38:27Z","timestamp":1679279907000},"page":"1156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Incidence of Air Leaks in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Due to COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Robin L.","family":"Goossen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location \u2018AMC\u2019, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari\u00eblle","family":"Verboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location \u2018AMC\u2019, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari\u00eblle","family":"Blacha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location \u2018AMC\u2019, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Illaa","family":"Smesseim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Ziekenhuis, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9204-1026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ludo F. M.","family":"Beenen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location \u2018AMC\u2019, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David M. P. van","family":"Meenen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location \u2018AMC\u2019, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location \u2018AMC\u2019, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederique","family":"Paulus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location \u2018AMC\u2019, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"ACHIEVE, Centre of Applied Research, Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, 1091 GC Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3969-7792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus J.","family":"Schultz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location \u2018AMC\u2019, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Mahidol\u2013Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the PRoVENT\u2013COVID and PRoAcT\u2013COVID Investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200601000-00003","article-title":"Pneumothorax in the intensive care unit: Incidence, risk factors, and outcome","volume":"104","author":"Timsit","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1177\/08850666221076798","article-title":"Clinical Practices in Central Venous Catheter Mechanical Adverse Events","volume":"37","author":"Ablordeppey","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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