{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T22:43:30Z","timestamp":1788821010346,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Omphalocele is the most common ventral abdominal wall defect. Omphalocele is associated with other significant anomalies in up to 80% of cases, among which the cardiac ones are the most frequent. The aim of our paper is to highlight, through a review of the literature, the importance and frequency of association between the two malformations and what impact this association has on the management and evolution of patients with these pathologies. We reviewed the titles, the available abstracts, and the full texts of 244 papers from the last 23 years, from three medical databases, to extract data for our review. Due to the frequent association of the two malformations and the unfavorable effect of the major cardiac anomaly on the prognosis of the newborn, the electrocardiogram and echocardiography must be included in the first postnatal investigations. The timing of surgery for abdominal wall defect closure is mostly dictated by the cardiac defect severity, and usually the cardiac defect takes priority. After the cardiac defect is medically stabilized or surgically repaired, the omphalocele reduction and closure of the abdominal defect are performed in a more controlled setting, with improved outcomes. Compared to omphalocele patients without cardiac defects, children with this association are more likely to experience prolonged hospitalizations, neurologic, and cognitive impairments. Major cardiac abnormalities such as structural defects that require surgical treatment or result in developmental delay will significantly increase the death rate of patients with omphalocele. In conclusion, the prenatal diagnosis of omphalocele and early detection of other associated structural or chromosomal anomalies are of overwhelming importance, contributing to the establishment of antenatal and postnatal prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13081413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T04:54:24Z","timestamp":1681448064000},"page":"1413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Omphalocele and Cardiac Abnormalities\u2014The Importance of the Association"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3018-8011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"\u021aarc\u0103","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery II-Pediatric Surgery, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iassy, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Al Namat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cSaint Mary\u201d Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Iassy, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5676-0864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alina Costina","family":"Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother and Child Medicine\u2013Pediatrics, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iassy, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2640-8795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasile Valeriu","family":"Lupu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother and Child Medicine\u2013Pediatrics, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iassy, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Razan","family":"Al Namat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iassy, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8147-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ancu\u021ba","family":"Lupu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother and Child Medicine\u2013Pediatrics, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iassy, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"B\u0103l\u0103nescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery and Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Bernic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pediatric Surgery, \u201cNicolae Testemi\u021banu\u201d State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2025 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6713-4244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u0103cr\u0103mioara Ionela","family":"Butnariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iassy, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8899-8594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihaela","family":"Moscalu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iassy, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius Valeriu","family":"H\u00eenganu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iassy, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1589","article-title":"National population-based estimates for major birth defects, 2010\u20132014","volume":"111","author":"Mai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000920","article-title":"Prevalence, Correlates, and Outcomes of Omphalocele in the United States, 1995\u20132005","volume":"126","author":"Marshall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstet. 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