{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:06:53Z","timestamp":1791929213047,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to explore the feasibility of 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for patients undergoing thoracic aorta endovascular repair (TEVAR). We retrospectively evaluated ten patients (two female), with a mean (\u00b1standard deviation) age of 61 \u00b1 20 years, undergoing MRI for a follow-up after TEVAR. All 4D flow examinations were performed using a 1.5-T system (MAGNETOM Aera, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). In addition to the standard examination protocol, a 4D flow-sensitive 3D spatial-encoding, time-resolved, phase-contrast prototype sequence was acquired. Among our cases, flow evaluation was feasible in all patients, although we observed some artifacts in 3 out of 10 patients. Three individuals displayed a reduced signal within the vessel lumen where the endograft was placed, while others presented with turbulent or increased flow. An aortic endograft did not necessarily hinder the visualization of blood flow through 4D flow sequences, although the graft could generate flow artifacts in some cases. A 4D Flow MRI may represent the ideal tool to follow up on both healthy subjects deemed to be at an increased risk based on their anatomical characteristics or patients submitted to TEVAR for whom a surveillance protocol with computed tomography angiography would be cumbersome and unjustified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13122113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T01:37:38Z","timestamp":1687225058000},"page":"2113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Four-Dimensional Flow MRI for the Evaluation of Aortic Endovascular Graft: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4038-5406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Righini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Operative Unit of Vascular & Endovascular Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0357-1808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Secchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milano, Italy"},{"name":"Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Mazzaccaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Operative Unit of Vascular & Endovascular Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Giese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Magnetic Resonance, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 91050 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Galligani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Operative Unit of Vascular & Endovascular Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2001-0313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dor","family":"Avishay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Operative Unit of Vascular & Endovascular Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7978-4730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Capra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduation School in Radiodiagnostics, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9539-8642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caterina Beatrice","family":"Monti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduation School in Radiodiagnostics, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Nano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Operative Unit of Vascular & Endovascular Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt-20-452","article-title":"4D flow imaging of the thoracic aorta: Is there an added clinical value?","volume":"10","author":"Catapano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. 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