{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T19:27:27Z","timestamp":1778614047362,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/National Cancer Institute","award":["P30CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA008748"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/National Cancer Institute","award":["152220002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["152220002"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/National Cancer Institute","award":["P09\/016-f"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P09\/016-f"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/National Cancer Institute","award":["ICN09_016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICN09_016"]}]},{"name":"Center for Cancer Prevention and Control (CECAN ANID FONDAP)","award":["P30CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA008748"]}]},{"name":"Center for Cancer Prevention and Control (CECAN ANID FONDAP)","award":["152220002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["152220002"]}]},{"name":"Center for Cancer Prevention and Control (CECAN ANID FONDAP)","award":["P09\/016-f"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P09\/016-f"]}]},{"name":"Center for Cancer Prevention and Control (CECAN ANID FONDAP)","award":["ICN09_016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICN09_016"]}]},{"name":"Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII)","award":["P30CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA008748"]}]},{"name":"Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII)","award":["152220002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["152220002"]}]},{"name":"Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII)","award":["P09\/016-f"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P09\/016-f"]}]},{"name":"Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII)","award":["ICN09_016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICN09_016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u201cEosinophilic cholecystitis\u201d has been an elusive concept. Around 1050 consecutive cholecystectomies with chronic (CC, n = 895), subacute (SAC, n = 100), and acute cholecystitis (AC, n = 55) were reviewed for eosinophilic infiltration. Eosinophilic hot spots (&gt;40 eosinophils\/HPF) were seen in 63% of SAC and 35% of AC (vs. 6% of CC, p &lt; 0.001). Eosinophils were mostly encountered in areas of wall thickening, revealing edema with early collagenization and young tissue-culture-type fibroblasts. However, in ten chronic cholecystitis patients (&lt;1%), prominent eosinophilia with eosinophil-rich foci (&gt;100 eosinophils\/HPF) was noted. These ten cases, classified as \u201ceosinophilic cholecystitis\u201d, were analyzed further: The patients were relatively young (mean age = 43 years), with a 9:1 female:male ratio. None had blood eosinophilia\/eosinophilia syndromes. Although one had ulcerative colitis, others did not have any autoimmune diseases. The mean gallbladder wall thickness was 3.5 mm (vs. 4.2 mm in ordinary CC). In conclusion, eosinophils are a part of especially subacute injuries in the gallbladder. They are typically condensed in the areas of healing and appear to signify a distinctive state of injury in which there are erosions leading to slow\/sustained exposure of the mural tissues to the bile contents that induce chemical injury\/recruit eosinophils. Eosinophilic cholecystitis is a very uncommon occurrence and appears to be an exaggerated response in allergic patients who are prone to recruit eosinophils in reaction to injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13152559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T09:14:40Z","timestamp":1690881280000},"page":"2559","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Eosinophilic Cholecystitis and Eosinophils in Gallbladder Injuries: A Clinicopathological Analysis of 1050 Cholecystectomies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8809-5846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bahar","family":"Memis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34396, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Burcu","family":"Saka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8313-8774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Roa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Center for Cancer Prevention and Control (CECAN), Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII), Santiago 8331150, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sudeshna","family":"Bandyopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6656-8227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pelin","family":"Bagci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1799-1632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berk Kaan","family":"Aktas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayse","family":"Armutlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2747-1366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olca","family":"Basturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N. Volkan","family":"Adsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Mills, S.E., and Greenson, J.K. (2015). Sternberg\u2019s Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, Wolters Kluwer Health. [6th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Burt, A.D., Ferrell, L.D., and Hu, S.G. (2022). MacSween\u2019s Pathology of the Liver, Elsevier. [8th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"558","article-title":"Eosinophilic cholecystitis","volume":"57","author":"Albot","year":"1949","journal-title":"Presse Med."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"21","article-title":"Eosinophilic cholecystitis: An infrequent cause of cholecystectomy","volume":"20","author":"Colina","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. 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