{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T16:38:02Z","timestamp":1773074282919,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Juvenile autoimmune hepatitis (JAIH) is severe immune-mediated necro-inflammatory disease of the liver with spontaneous progression to cirrhosis and liver failure if left untreated. The diagnosis is based on the combination of clinical, laboratory and histological findings. Prothrombin ratio is a useful prognostic factor to identify patients who will most likely require a liver transplant by adolescence or early adulthood. JAIH treatment consists of immune suppression and should be started promptly at diagnosis to halt inflammatory liver damage and ultimately prevent fibrosis and progression to end-stage liver disease. The risk of relapse is high especially in the setting of poor treatment compliance. Recent evidence however suggests that treatment discontinuation is possible after a prolonged period of normal aminotransferase activity without the need for liver biopsy prior to withdrawal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13172753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T08:33:09Z","timestamp":1692952389000},"page":"2753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Juvenile Autoimmune Hepatitis: Recent Advances in Diagnosis, Management and Long-Term Outcome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Silvia","family":"Nastasio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Mosca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatogastroenterology, Rehabilitative Nutrition, Digestive Endoscopy and Liver Transplant Unit, ERN RARE LIVER, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3082-855X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tommaso","family":"Alterio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatogastroenterology, Rehabilitative Nutrition, Digestive Endoscopy and Liver Transplant Unit, ERN RARE LIVER, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4092-9071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Sciveres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department and Transplantation, ISMETT, 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8201-2416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Maggiore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatogastroenterology, Rehabilitative Nutrition, Digestive Endoscopy and Liver Transplant Unit, ERN RARE LIVER, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v6.i7.464","article-title":"Juvenile autoimmune hepatitis: Spectrum of the disease","volume":"6","author":"Maggiore","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. 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