{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T08:30:15Z","timestamp":1770885015874,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a rare, aggressive form of thyroid carcinoma with a mean survival of less than 6 months. Ectopic thyroid tissue can be present in the mediastinum due to faulty embryogenesis with improper descent. Primary thyroid malignancies may arise from this ectopic tissue. A 90-year-old male with a history of prostatic adenocarcinoma, hypothyroidism, and occupational and therapeutic exposure to radiation presented with a rash on his chest. A review of the dermatopathology and excised mediastinal specimen revealed rare papillary foci that tested positive for thyroid markers from a background of poorly differentiated components. Molecular analysis confirmed a BRAF V600E mutation in the specimen. The final diagnosis was anaplastic thyroid carcinoma of the giant-cell type. Given the atrophic cervical thyroid tissue in the patient\u2019s neck with no evidence of previous surgery, this carcinoma was believed to arise from ectopic mediastinal tissue associated with cutaneous and bony metastasis. In conclusion, anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is an aggressive and rare thyroid malignancy that can arise from ectopic thyroid tissue in the mediastinum and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of primary undifferentiated mediastinal malignancies with bony involvement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13182941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T10:00:23Z","timestamp":1694685623000},"page":"2941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["An Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma of the Giant-Cell Type from a Mediastinal Ectopic Thyroid Gland"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4660-8858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nyein Nyein","family":"Htun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beverly","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bonnie","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cary","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.05.076","article-title":"Morphological, Diagnostic and Surgical Features of Ectopic Thyroid Gland: A Review of Literature","volume":"12","author":"Guerra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2015.12.043","article-title":"Prevalence, Diagnosis and Management of Ectopic Thyroid Glands","volume":"28","author":"Santangelo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.106628","article-title":"Lateral Neck Ectopic Thyroid Carcinoma: Rare Location for Ectopic Malignancy","volume":"89","author":"Oukessou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"318","article-title":"Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Arising in Ectopic Thyroid Tissue within Sternocleidomastoid Muscle: A Review of Current Literature","volume":"45","author":"Barrea","year":"2020","journal-title":"Minerva Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2018.11.019","article-title":"Lingual Ectopic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Two Case Reports and Review of the Literature","volume":"88","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"5888","article-title":"The Incidence and Survival Analysis for Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A SEER Database Analysis","volume":"11","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2020.0086","article-title":"Dissecting Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Clinical, Histologic, Immunophenotypic, and Molecular Study of 360 Cases","volume":"30","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2018.07.027","article-title":"Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: An Epidemiologic, Histologic, Immunohistochemical, and Molecular Single-Institution Study","volume":"82","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.4103\/jcrt.JCRT_355_16","article-title":"Osteoclastic Variant of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report of Rare Entity","volume":"15","author":"Shelly","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. 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