{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T07:15:52Z","timestamp":1782890152916,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, CCCDI-Executive Agency for Higher Education, Research, Development &amp; Innovation Funding (UEFISCDI)","award":["PN-III-P2-2.1-PTE-2021-0176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PN-III-P2-2.1-PTE-2021-0176"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A growing body of evidence suggests that endometrial immune disorders may be responsible for endometrial dysfunctions that can lead to gynecological and obstetrical pathology. The aim of this study was to explore the potential relationship between different killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genotypes and reproductive outcomes. We conducted a prospective cohort study that included 104 infertile patients undergoing an in vitro fertilization procedure. All participants underwent clinical and ultrasound examination, genetic evaluation (KIR genotyping), endometrial washing fluid sampling for cytokine determination, endometrial tissue sampling for histologic assessment and hysteroscopic evaluation. Our analysis showed statistically significant lower levels of uterine cytokines TNF-\u03b1 (p = 0.001) and IL-1beta (p = 0.000) in the KIR AA genotype group as compared to KIR AB and BB among study participants with chronic endometritis. The study results suggest that the KIR AA genotype population subgroups may be more susceptible to developing endometrial disorders such as chronic endometritis. The changes in the behavior of NK cells seem to be subtle and expressed as an altered regulatory pattern.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13193048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T02:31:29Z","timestamp":1695695489000},"page":"3048","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Genotypes and Reproductive Outcomes in a Group of Infertile Women: A Romanian Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mihai","family":"Surcel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5314-0539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iulia Adina","family":"Neamtiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Department, Environmental Health Center, Part of ALS, 58 Busuiocului Street, 400240 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Muresan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6106-816X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iulian","family":"Goidescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adelina","family":"Staicu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2153-4493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica Mihaela","family":"Marta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Education, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8567-1246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgiana","family":"Nemeti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radu","family":"Harsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"In Vitro fertilization Department, \u201cRegina Maria\u201d Hospital, 29 Dorobantilor Street, 400117 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6618-141X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bogdan","family":"Doroftei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5661-2514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihai Emil","family":"Capilna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy Science and Technology \u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Caracostea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2017.09.012","article-title":"Repeated Implantation Failure at the Crossroad between Statistics, Clinics and over-Diagnosis","volume":"36","author":"Somigliana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod. 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