{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T21:14:46Z","timestamp":1788383686995,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis (HT) is often associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PC); it is still a matter of controversy whether the behavior of carcinoma is more aggressive or not. During the follow-up, we retrospectively enrolled 97 patients with PC\/HT after thyroidectomy without risk factors at the surgery of the primary tumor, such as multifocality\/multicentricity, extrathyroid tumor extension, vascular invasion, neck and distant metastases, and aggressive histological variants. HT diagnosis was confirmed by histology and serum thyroid antibodies. Tumor size was \u226410 mm in 64 cases (microcarcinomas); 206 matched PC patients after thyroidectomy without HT and risk factors were enrolled as controls, totaling 122 microcarcinomas. During follow-up, metastases occurred in 15\/97 (15.5%) PC\/HT cases, eight microcarcinomas, and in 16\/206 (7.8%) without HT, eight microcarcinomas (p = 0.04). Considering both PC\/HT and PC patients without HT who developed metastases, univariate analysis showed an increased risk of metastases in patients with HT coexistence, OR: 2.17 (95% CI 1.03\u20134.60) p = 0.043. Disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly (p = 0.0253) shorter in PC\/HT than in the controls. The present study seems to demonstrate that HT is not a cancer protective factor in PC patients given the less favorable outcomes and significantly shorter DFS. HT may also represent an independent recurrence predictor without other risk factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13193068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T01:51:14Z","timestamp":1695865874000},"page":"3068","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Hashimoto\u2019s Thyroiditis and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Follow-Up Study in Patients with Absence of Aggressive Risk Factors at the Surgery of the Primary Tumor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7038-3615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Marongiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Nuvoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8265-5400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"De Vito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Vargiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5753-399X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Spanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Madeddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1994.4.351","article-title":"Iodine and the Thyroid: 33 Years of Study","volume":"4","author":"Braverman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1955.01270080137023","article-title":"Relation of Thyroid Neoplasms to Hashimoto Disease of the Thyroid Gland","volume":"70","author":"Dailey","year":"1955","journal-title":"AMA Arch. 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