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This paper reports a study on the clustering structure of functional connectivity in eight important brain networks in healthy, AD, and prodromal stage subjects. We used the threshold-free cluster enhancement (TFCE) method to explore the connectivity from resting-state functional MR images (rs-fMRIs). We conducted the study on a total of 32 AD, 32 HC, and 31 MCI subjects. We modeled the brain as a graph-based network to study these impairments, and pairwise Pearson\u2019s correlation-based functional connectivity was used to construct the brain network. The study found that connections in the sensory motor network (SMN), dorsal attention network (DAN), salience network (SAN), default mode network (DMN), and cerebral network were severely affected in AD and MCI. The disruption in these networks may serve as potential biomarkers for distinguishing AD and MCI from HC. The study suggests that alterations in functional connectivity in these networks may contribute to cognitive deficits observed in AD and MCI. Additionally, a negative correlation was observed between the global clinical dementia rating (CDR) score and the Z-score of functional connectivity within identified clusters in AD subjects. These findings provide compelling evidence suggesting that the neurodegenerative disruption of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) connectivity is extensively distributed across multiple networks in individuals diagnosed with AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13193074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T05:55:54Z","timestamp":1695880554000},"page":"3074","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Resting-State Functional Connectivity Difference in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Threshold-Free Cluster Enhancement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ramesh Kumar","family":"Lama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chosun University, 309 Pilmundaero, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3486-8812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Goo-Rak","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chosun University, 309 Pilmundaero, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (1994). 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