{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T01:58:08Z","timestamp":1776477488740,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Arch forms in orthodontics are considered to affect occlusal stability. This study\u2019s subjects were 47 patients (Class III S group) who visited the Chiba Dental Center of Tokyo Dental College and were surgical orthodontic cases, and 60 patients with Class I malocclusion were selected as the control group. A mandibular model of each subject was plotted with each tooth on a digitizer. The clinical bracket points of each tooth were plotted, and intercanine and intermolar measurements were taken. The least squares method was used to fit a quartic equation, and the arch form was drawn. The Class IIIS group was divided by Wits appraisal and facial pattern into a dolichofacial or brachyfacial pattern, and arch forms were compared. The results show that the Class IIIS group had a significantly smaller intermolar width, canine depth, and molar depth and a significantly larger canine W\/D ratio. In those with a dolichofacial pattern, the anterior curve of the arch form tended to be flat and the posterior curve narrower. This is because, in skeletal mandibular prognathism, the mandibular anterior shows lingual tipping, and the molars show palatal tipping due to dental compensation, and it was inferred that this tendency was higher in high-angle cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13203237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T10:43:10Z","timestamp":1697539390000},"page":"3237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Characteristics of Mandibular Arch Forms in Patients with Skeletal Mandibular Prognathism"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Erika","family":"Ichikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chie","family":"Tachiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kunihiko","family":"Nojima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujiseki Dental Clinic, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0041, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7059-8413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoru","family":"Matsunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Sugahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathobiological Science and Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5748-2042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norio","family":"Kasahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7695-1564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasushi","family":"Nishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000004438","article-title":"Current Concepts in Orthognathic Surgery","volume":"141","author":"Naran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plast. 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