{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:40:50Z","timestamp":1760150450045,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aims: Primary chronic sclerosing osteomyelitis is a rare and complex pathology and remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Our aim is to show our experience with a new diagnostic tool. Material and Methods: Four patients aged from 26 to 67 were referred to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of University Hospital CHUV in Lausanne between January 2010 and December 2018 for chronic mandibular pain without infectious signs nor symptoms. All patients underwent three-phase bone scintigraphy and anti-granulocyte antibody scintigraphy. Results: Three-phase bone scintigraphy demonstrated radiotracer uptake at the zone of pain, whereas anti-granulocyte antibody scintigraphy showed no uptake, thus rendering an infectious origin unlikely. Conclusion: A combination of the two different scintigraphies should be considered in order to guide the clinician in the diagnosis of primary chronic sclerosing osteomyelitis, thus preventing patients from undergoing unnecessary imagery and useless treatment, and also allowing an early diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13233571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T12:01:00Z","timestamp":1701259260000},"page":"3571","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Primary Chronic Sclerosing Osteomyelitis: A New Diagnostic Tool"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2680-4758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne-Sophie","family":"Lacagne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4886-0611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie Nicod","family":"Lalonde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1429-1374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John O.","family":"Prior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Broome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00003340","article-title":"Osteomyelitis sclerosans Garr\u00e9","volume":"26","author":"Vienne","year":"1997","journal-title":"Orthopade"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"152","article-title":"Primary Chronic Osteomyelitis of the Jaws in Children: An Update on Pathophysiology, Radiological Findings, Treatment Strategies, and Prospective Analysis of Two Cases","volume":"2015","author":"Berglund","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep. Dent."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Yildirim, T.D., and Sari, I. (2023). SAPHO syndrome: Current clinical, diagnostic and treatment approaches. Rheumatol. Int., Online ahead of print."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000004494","article-title":"Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis of the Mandible: A Diagnostic Challenge","volume":"142","author":"Camison","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2017.08.006","article-title":"Chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible: A comparative study of 10 cases with primary chronic osteomyelitis and 12 cases with secondary chronic osteomyelitis","volume":"118","author":"Sigaux","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Stomatol. Oral. Maxillofac. 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Surg."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2020.06.023","article-title":"Application of pamidronate disodium for the treatment of diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible: A clinical study","volume":"130","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral. Surg. Oral. Med. Oral. Pathol. Oral. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"2292","article-title":"Is Operative Management Effective for Non-Bacterial Diffuse Sclerosing Osteomylitis of the Mandible?","volume":"79","author":"Kuankuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"JOMS"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2020.01.012","article-title":"Outcome of different treatments for chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible: A systematic review of published papers","volume":"58","author":"Pichardo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Oral. Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-018-4052-x","article-title":"Clinical indications, image acquisition and data interpretation for white blood cells and anti-granulocyte monoclonal antibody scintigraphy: An EANM procedural guideline","volume":"45","author":"Signore","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/13\/23\/3571\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:34:11Z","timestamp":1760132051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/13\/23\/3571"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics13233571"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics13233571","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2075-4418"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]]}}}