{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T21:43:59Z","timestamp":1778622239569,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]],"date-time":"2023-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7232192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7232192"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020YFC2008200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFC2008200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7232192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7232192"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020YFC2008200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFC2008200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This study aimed to analyze clinical and multimodal imaging characteristics of acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) post-recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Methods: Retrospective observational study. Medical records and multimodal imaging of 12 AMN eyes of eight patients (six female and two male) with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Four patients (50%) presented with bilateral AMN. Fundus ophthalmoscopy revealed a reddish-brown lesion around the macula, and two eyes had cotton-wool spots at the posterior pole. Three eyes showed mild hypo-autofluorescence. All FFA images (7 eyes) showed no abnormal signs. On OCT scans, all eyes showed outer nuclear layer (ONL) thinning, 8 eyes (66.7%) showed ONL hyperreflectivity, 5 eyes (41.7%) showed outer plexiform layer (OPL) hyperreflectivity, 8 eyes (66.7%) showed interdigitation zone (IZ) disruption, 11 eyes (91.6%) showed ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption, 2 eyes (16.7%) showed cotton-wool spots and inner plexiform layer (IPL) hyperreflectivity, 1 eye (8.3%) had intraretinal cyst and 1 eye (8.3%) had inner nuclear layer (INL) thinning. Persistent scotoma, ONL hyperreflectivity and IZ\/EZ disruption as well as recovery of OPL hyperreflectivity were reported after follow-up in three cases. Conclusions: AMN post-SARS-CoV-2 mostly affected young females and could present unilaterally or bilaterally. Dark lesions on IR reflectance and outer retinal hyperreflectivity on OCT are useful in diagnosing AMN. OPL\/ONL hyperreflectivity on OCT could disappear after follow-up, but ONL thinning and IZ\/EZ could persist.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13243600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]],"date-time":"2023-12-05T02:55:32Z","timestamp":1701744932000},"page":"3600","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy after SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An Analysis of Clinical and Multimodal Imaging Characteristics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jiyang","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3173-0711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zongyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaoyao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinfeng","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(75)90387-6","article-title":"Acute macular neuroretinopathy","volume":"80","author":"Bos","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am. 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