{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:44:18Z","timestamp":1760150658427,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Oradea","award":["410068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["410068"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Serotonin primarily regulates our emotions. A complex process, which includes dysfunctions in gastrointestinal motility and deregulation of the gene responsible for serotonin reuptake (SERT), is implicated in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This also encompasses changes in intestinal microbiota, the response to stress, the intricate interplay between the brain and the digestive tract, heightened sensitivity to visceral stimuli, and low-grade inflammation. This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of probiotic therapy in managing gastrointestinal and neuropsychiatric symptoms related to serotonin levels, with a focus on individuals with serotonin deficiency and those with normal serotonin levels experiencing gastrointestinal disorders. (2) The study involved 135 pediatric patients aged 5\u201318 years with gastrointestinal disturbances, including constipation, diarrhea, and other symptoms, such as nausea, flatulence, feeling full, or gastrointestinal pain. (3) Serotonin testing was performed, and administering probiotics appeared to be effective in addressing serotonin deficiency and other gastrointestinal disorders. (4) Serotonin\u2019s pivotal role in regulating neurotransmitter secretion and its impact on neuropsychiatric health, coupled with gender differences and age-related declines, underscore the complexity of their influence on gastrointestinal and neuropsychiatric conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13243675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T06:53:16Z","timestamp":1702623196000},"page":"3675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Variety of Serotonin Levels in Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Loredana","family":"Mati\u0219","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia Georgeta","family":"Daina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410068 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lavinia","family":"Maris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8981-1958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timea Claudia","family":"Ghitea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410068 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela Florina","family":"Trifan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410068 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ioana","family":"Moga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410068 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Radu","family":"Fodor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Bakshi, A., and Tadi, P. 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