{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T16:45:01Z","timestamp":1775925901163,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]],"date-time":"2023-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to compare vascular involvement, hand functionality, and upper limb disability between Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon participants and controls. Also, we analyzed the relationships between vascular impairment, mobility, and strength with disability in this Raynaud population. We conducted a case\u2013control study with fifty-seven participants. We registered sociodemographic and clinical data; vascular variables (temperature, cold test, blood flow, and oxygen saturation); functional variables (pinch strength, range of motion), and disability (Shortened Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire) (Q-DASH). Raynaud participants present more disability in all Q-DASH subscales, lower hands\u2019 temperature pre and post cold test, decreased blood flow on radial artery, decreased ranges of motions at passive extension of index finger, and active flexion and extension of thumb than the healthy controls. The multivariate regression analysis showed that extension of the index finger, lateral pinch strength, and oxygen saturation were significantly associated with disability in RP, almost the 55% of the total variance on the upper limb, 27% at sports\/arts, and 42% at work. Our findings suggest that RP has a disabling effect on the upper extremities and a practice of activities in people who suffer it. Also, disability in Raynaud seems to be more related with hand mobility and strength impairment than vascular injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14010093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,31]],"date-time":"2023-12-31T10:01:06Z","timestamp":1704016866000},"page":"93","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Analysis of Hand Function, Upper Limb Disability, and Its Relationship with Peripheral Vascular Alterations in Raynaud\u2019s Phenomenon"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Rosa M\u00aa","family":"Tapia-Haro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada (UGR), 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"ibs.GRANADA Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria, 18012 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2913-1410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00aa Carmen","family":"Garc\u00eda-R\u00edos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada (UGR), 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"ibs.GRANADA Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria, 18012 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9607-3241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adelaida M\u00aa","family":"Castro-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Physical Therapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Toledano-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ibs.GRANADA Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria, 18012 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedicine Program, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Granada (UGR), 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6761-4811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Casas-Barrag\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada (UGR), 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"ibs.GRANADA Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria, 18012 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00aa Encarnaci\u00f3n","family":"Aguilar-Ferr\u00e1ndiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada (UGR), 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"ibs.GRANADA Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria, 18012 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.020","article-title":"International consensus criteria for the diagnosis of Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon","volume":"48\u201349","author":"Maverakis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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