{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T04:39:13Z","timestamp":1791088753870,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inflammation plays a crucial role in diabetes and obesity through macrophage activation. Macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), activin-A, and clusterin are chemokines with known roles in diabetes and obesity. The aim of this study is to investigate their possible diagnostic and\/or early prognostic values in children and adolescents with obesity and type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods: We obtained serum samples from children and adolescents with a history of T1DM or obesity, in order to measure and compare MCP-1, activin-A, and clusterin concentrations. Results: Forty-three subjects were included in each of the three groups (controls, T1DM, and obesity). MCP-1 values were positively correlated to BMI z-score. Activin-A was increased in children with obesity compared to the control group. A trend for higher values was detected in children with T1DM. MCP-1 and activin-A levels were positively correlated. Clusterin levels showed a trend towards lower values in children with T1DM or obesity compared to the control group and were negatively correlated to renal function. Conclusions: The inflammation markers MCP-1, activin-A, and clusterin are not altered in children with T1DM. Conversely, obesity in children is positively correlated to serum MCP-1 values and characterized by higher activin-A levels, which may reflect an already established systematic inflammation with obesity since childhood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14040450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]],"date-time":"2024-02-20T04:36:22Z","timestamp":1708403782000},"page":"450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1), Activin-A and Clusterin in Children and Adolescents with Obesity or Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7051-7537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eirini","family":"Kostopoulou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitra","family":"Kalavrizioti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panagiota","family":"Davoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Papachristou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0878-0668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xenophon","family":"Sinopidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7617-9076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sotirios","family":"Fouzas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore","family":"Dassios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Despoina","family":"Gkentzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stavroula Ioanna","family":"Kyriakou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ageliki","family":"Karatza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Dimitriou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Goumenos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7922-4012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bessie E.","family":"Spiliotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5514-7083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Plotas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech and Language Therapy, School of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9375-989X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marios","family":"Papasotiriou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00435-4","article-title":"Child and Adolescent Obesity","volume":"9","author":"Lister","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. 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