{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:20:35Z","timestamp":1773966035214,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]],"date-time":"2024-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to assess the relationship between skeletal malocclusion and radiomorphometric indices of the mandible in long face patients. This cross-sectional study evaluated 174 lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs of long face patients between the ages of 17 and 30 presenting at the Orthodontics Department of Qazvin Dental School. The gonial angle, antegonial angle, type of antegonial notch, and depth of antegonial notch were measured bilaterally on panoramic radiographs. The correlation between the radiomorphometric parameters and the type of occlusion was analyzed using one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, Chi-square test, and Fisher\u2019s exact test (alpha = 0.05). The mean size of gonial angle was significantly different among the three classes of occlusion (p = 0.046), while the difference was not significant regarding the antegonial angle size and antegonial notch depth (p &gt; 0.05). An independent t-test showed that the mean sizes of gonial angle (p = 0.026) and antegonial angle (p = 0.036), and the antegonial notch depth (p = 0.046) in males, were significantly greater than the values in females. According to the Chi-square and Fisher\u2019s exact test, the right antegonial notch type was significantly different among the three classes of malocclusion (p = 0.006), while this difference was not significant in the left side (p = 0.318). The right antegonial notch type II was more common in males, while the right antegonial notch type I was more common in females (p = 0.014). According to the results, the indices of gonial angle and type of antegonial notch can be clinically useful for predicting the growth rate of the mandible and designing the appropriate treatment in long face patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14050459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]],"date-time":"2024-02-20T07:50:26Z","timestamp":1708415426000},"page":"459","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Relationship between Skeletal Malocclusion and Radiomorphometric Indices of the Mandible in Long Face Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"D\u2019Amato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Unicamillus International Medical University, 00131 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5515-2189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Tofangchiha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental Caries Prevention Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nima","family":"Sheikhdavoodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan 81551-39998, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0313-3373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Ranjbaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Razieh","family":"Jabbarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Caries Prevention Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7358-8763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romeo","family":"Patini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head, Neck and Sense Organs, School of Dentistry, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00135 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1590\/2177-6709.22.2.087-094.oar","article-title":"Subjective facial analysis and its correlation with dental relationships","volume":"22","author":"Filho","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dent. 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