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Nerves are sensitive to internal and external trauma, such as compression and stretching. Ulnar nerve entrapment, the second most prevalent nerve entrapment disorder after carpal tunnel syndrome, appears frequently at the elbow. Although often idiopathic, known risk factors, including obesity, smoking, diabetes, and vibration exposure, occur. It exists in all adult ages (mean age 40\u201350 years), but seldom affects individuals in their adolescence or younger. The patient population is heterogeneous with great co-morbidity, including other nerve entrapment disorders. Typical early symptoms are paresthesia and numbness in the ulnar fingers, followed by decreased sensory function and muscle weakness. Pre- and postoperative neuropathic pain is relatively common, independent of other symptom severity, with a risk for serious consequences. A multimodal treatment strategy is necessary. Mild to moderate symptoms are usually treated conservatively, while surgery is an option when conservative treatment fails or in severe cases. The decision to perform surgery might be difficult, and the outcome is unpredictable with the risk of complications. There is no consensus on the choice of surgical method, but simple decompression is relatively effective with a lower complication rate than transposition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14050489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T08:59:01Z","timestamp":1708937941000},"page":"489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["The Unpredictable Ulnar Nerve\u2014Ulnar Nerve Entrapment from Anatomical, Pathophysiological, and Biopsychosocial Aspects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2792-9525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika","family":"Nyman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, 581 85 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, 581 85 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1334-3099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars B.","family":"Dahlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, 581 85 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Hand Surgery, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, 205 02 Malm\u00f6, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine\u2014Hand Surgery, Lund University, 205 02 Malm\u00f6, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e112070","DOI":"10.5812\/aapm.112070","article-title":"An Update on Treatment Modalities for Ulnar Nerve Entrapment: A Literature Review","volume":"10","author":"Vij","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesth. 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