{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:55:35Z","timestamp":1790776535707,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]],"date-time":"2024-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an adenocarcinoma originating from the epithelial cells of the bile ducts\/hepatocytes or peribiliary glands. There are three types of cholangiocarcinoma: intrahepatic, perihilar and distal. CCA represents approximately 3% of the gastrointestinal malignancies. The incidence of CCA is higher in regions of the Eastern world compared to the Western countries. There are multiple risk factors associated with cholangiocarcinoma such as liver fluke, primary sclerosing cholangitis, chronic hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Endoscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of cholangiocarcinoma. The main endoscopic methods used for diagnosis, biliary drainage and delivering intrabiliary local therapies are endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound. The purpose of this review is to analyze the current data found in literature about cholangiocarcinoma, with a focus on the actual diagnostic tools and endoscopic management options.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14050490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T08:59:01Z","timestamp":1708937941000},"page":"490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Updates in Diagnosis and Endoscopic Management of Cholangiocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4174-0390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxana-Luiza","family":"Caragut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madalina","family":"Ilie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6263-7030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teodor","family":"Cabel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deniz","family":"G\u00fcn\u0219ahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afrodita","family":"Panaitescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Pavel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5730-9381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oana Mihaela","family":"Plotogea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ecaterina Mihaela","family":"R\u00eenja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5382-4765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Constantinescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6206-6126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasile","family":"Sandru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00300-2","article-title":"Cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Brindley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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