{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T20:28:29Z","timestamp":1790886509990,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Iatrogenic injury of the parathyroid glands is the most frequent complication after total thyroidectomy. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) in reducing postoperative hypocalcemia following total thyroidectomy. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched. Randomised trials reporting at least one hypocalcemia outcome following total thyroidectomy using NIRAF were included. Results: The qualitative data synthesis comprised 1363 patients from nine randomised studies, NIRAF arm = 636 cases and non-NIRAF arm = 637 cases. There was a statistically significant difference in the overall rate of hypocalcemia log(OR) = \u22120.7 [(\u22121.01, \u22120.40), M-H, REM, CI = 95%] and temporary hypocalcemia log(OR) = \u22120.8 [(\u22121.01, \u22120.59), M-H, REM, CI = 95%] favouring the NIRAF. The difference in the rate of permanent hypocalcemia log(OR) = \u22121.09 [(\u22122.34, 0.17), M-H, REM, CI = 95%] between the two arms was lower in the NIRAF arm but was not statistically significant. Conclusions: NIRAF during total thyroidectomy helps in reducing postoperative hypocalcemia. Level of evidence\u20141.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14050505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T05:20:32Z","timestamp":1709011232000},"page":"505","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Lower Rates of Hypocalcemia Following Near-Infrared Autofluorescence Use in Thyroidectomy: A Meta-Analysis of RCTs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1420-7366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karthik N.","family":"Rao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur 492099, India"},{"name":"Sri Shankara Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Bangalore 560004, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renu","family":"Rajguru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur 492099, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1952-4061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prajwal","family":"Dange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur 492099, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Vetter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7808-496X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederic","family":"Triponez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain J.","family":"Nixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH3 9YL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5373-9181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory W.","family":"Randolph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thyroid and Parathyroid Endocrine Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0451-2404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antti A.","family":"M\u00e4kitie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Zafereo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head & Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77005, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8247-8002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfio","family":"Ferlito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordinator of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group, 35100 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2015.04.059","article-title":"Hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy: Incidence and resolution","volume":"197","author":"Ritter","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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