{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T22:15:39Z","timestamp":1784326539193,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000104","name":"NASA Grant","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["80NSSC20K183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["80NSSC20K183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ocular health is currently a major concern for astronauts on current and future long-duration spaceflight missions. Spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) is a collection of ophthalmic and neurologic findings that is one potential physiologic barrier to interplanetary spaceflight. Since its initial report in 2011, our understanding of SANS has advanced considerably, with a primary focus on posterior ocular imaging including fundus photography and optical coherence tomography. However, there may be changes to the anterior segment that have not been identified. Additional concerns to ocular health in space include corneal damage and radiation-induced cataract formation. Given these concerns, precision anterior segment imaging of the eye would be a valuable addition to future long-duration spaceflights. The purpose of this paper is to review ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and its potential as a noninvasive, efficient imaging modality for spaceflight. The analysis of UBM for spaceflight is not well defined in the literature, and such technology may help to provide further insights into the overall anatomical changes in the eye in microgravity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14060639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T06:58:39Z","timestamp":1710745119000},"page":"639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Ultrasound Biomicroscopy as a Novel, Potential Modality to Evaluate Anterior Segment Ophthalmic Structures during Spaceflight: An Analysis of Current Technology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Soares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4860-827X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Osteicoechea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5390-372X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cihan Mehmet","family":"Kadipasaoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77094, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ethan","family":"Waisberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB0QQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prithul","family":"Sarker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human-Machine Perception Laboratory, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0120-0939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasif","family":"Zaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human-Machine Perception Laboratory, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9460-1269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alireza","family":"Tavakkoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human-Machine Perception Laboratory, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianmarco","family":"Vizzeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2473-299X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77094, USA"},{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"85","article-title":"Neuro-Ophthalmology of Space Flight","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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