{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T12:23:14Z","timestamp":1791462194367,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Federal Ministry of Education and Science, Bosnia and Herzegovina","award":["01-3840-VI-1\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01-3840-VI-1\/23"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A Computed Tomography Urography (CTU) scan is a medical imaging test that examines the urinary tract, including the bladder, kidneys, and ureters. It helps diagnose various urinary tract diseases with precision. However, patients undergoing CTU imaging receive a relatively high dose of radiation, which can be a concern. In our research paper, we analyzed the Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol) and Dose-Length Product (DLP) for 203 adult patients who underwent CTU at one of the most important regional centers in Bosnia and Herzegovina that sees a large number of patients. Our study included the distribution of age and sex, the number of phases within one examination, and different clinical indications. We compared our findings with the results available in the scientific literature, particularly the recently published results from 20 European countries. Furthermore, we established the local diagnostic reference levels (LDRLs) that can help set the national diagnostic reference levels (NDRLs). We believe our research is a significant step towards optimizing the protocols used in different hospitals in our country.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14060643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T04:36:31Z","timestamp":1710822991000},"page":"643","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Local Diagnostic Reference Levels for Adult Computed Tomography Urography Exams"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Faruk","family":"Husremovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orhan","family":"Muharemovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edis","family":"\u0110edovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, London SM1 4BB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alma","family":"Efendi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmin","family":"Mu\u0161anovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7974-7729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rifat","family":"Omerovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Tuzla, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2456-0566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hedim","family":"Osmanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Tuzla, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2610-2569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa","family":"Busulad\u017ei\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"ICRP (1983). 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