{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T23:52:32Z","timestamp":1787961152040,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A 77-year-old-man with arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus type II presented at our clinic for a routine ophthalmological exam. He complained of intermittent double vision. The ophthalmic examination revealed paralysis of III (n. oculomotorius) and VI (n. abducens) cranial nerves with ptosis, deficit in elevation and abduction of the left eye. The patient underwent urgent MRI imaging of the brain\/orbits and paranasal sinuses, and urgent neurological assessment. MRI revealed a volume-occupying process, starting from the posterior wall of the left maxillary sinus with perineural diffusion and involvement of the homolateral trigeminal nerve, intracranial spread in the medial cranial fossa and involvement of the cavernous, sphenoidal sinuses and the orbital apex on the left side. Biopsy was performed, and the histology resulted in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma with intracranial spread.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14090932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T11:39:42Z","timestamp":1714649982000},"page":"932","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Riddle of the Double Vision\u2014A Rare Case of Intracranial Tumor: When Imaging Resolves the Mystery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1712-9877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radina","family":"Kirkova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Eye Clinic Zrenieto, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5163-4631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svetla","family":"Dineva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Department, National Cardiology Hospital, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"},{"name":"Imaging Department, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3653-6960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Stradiotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Tanev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Clinic Zrenieto, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4889-6315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"Di Maria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.21830","article-title":"Incidence and survival in patients with sinonasal cancer: A historical analysis of population-based data","volume":"34","author":"Turner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1669420","article-title":"Prognostic factors in paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma: A SEER database analysis","volume":"80","author":"Jain","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Surg. Part B Skull Base"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s40136-020-00279-6","article-title":"Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Etiology, Pathogenesis, and the Role of Human Papilloma Virus","volume":"8","author":"Elgart","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Otorhinolaryngol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24264","article-title":"Epidemiology of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma: A comprehensive analysis of 4994 patients","volume":"124","author":"Sanghvi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.4103\/ajns.AJNS_148_20","article-title":"Primary Intracranial Squamous Cell Carcinoma with a Fatal Course","volume":"15","author":"Pisano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian J. 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