{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T22:13:16Z","timestamp":1794003196679,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Congenital anomalies affecting the kidneys present significant challenges in pediatric nephrology, needing precise methods for assessing renal function and guiding therapeutic intervention. Bedside Schwartz formula with the cystatin-C-based Full Age Spectrum formula and Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) U 25 formula used in estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and also to assess if the eGFR in association with kidney length percentiles can be a monitoring parameter for the progression of chronic kidney disease in children with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). A total of 64 pediatric patients (median age at diagnostic was 12 months with an interquartile range of 2 to 60) were diagnosed with congenital anomalies in the kidney and urinary tract between June 2018 and May 2023 at \u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d Emergency Hospital for Children in Timisoara, Romania. Baseline characteristics, CAKUT types, associated pathologies, CKD staging, and eGFR using creatinine and cystatin C were analyzed. The mean age at the moment of examination was 116.50 months; (65, 180). Chronic kidney disease staging revealed a predominance of patients in CKD stages G1 and A1. Analysis of eGFR methods revealed a small mean difference between eGFR estimated by creatinine and cystatin C, with a moderate-strong positive correlation observed between the eGFR and ultrasound parameters. Using cystatin-C-based formulas for eGFR, in conjunction with ultrasound measurements, may offer reliable insights into renal function in pediatric patients with congenital anomalies affecting the kidney and urinary tract. However, the economic aspect must be taken into consideration because cystatin C determination is approximately eight times more expensive than that of creatinine. An interdisciplinary approach is crucial for managing patients with CAKUT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14100994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T09:22:52Z","timestamp":1715332972000},"page":"994","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Pilot Comparative Study between Creatinine- and Cystatin-C-Based Equations to Estimate GFR and Kidney Ultrasound Percentiles in Children with Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ruxandra Maria","family":"Steflea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d Emergency Hospital for Children, Iosif Nemoianu Street 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramona","family":"Stroescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d Emergency Hospital for Children, Iosif Nemoianu Street 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9029-5919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihai","family":"Gafencu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d Emergency Hospital for Children, Iosif Nemoianu Street 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4620-3340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emil Robert","family":"Stoicescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Field of Applied Engineering Sciences, Specialization Statistical Methods and Techniques in Health and Clinical Research, Faculty of Mechanics, \u201cPolitehnica\u201d University, Mihai Viteazu Boulevard No. 1, 300222 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1478-9797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raluca","family":"Isac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d Emergency Hospital for Children, Iosif Nemoianu Street 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4800-0451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioana-Cristina","family":"Olariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d Emergency Hospital for Children, Iosif Nemoianu Street 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6831-4776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrada Mara","family":"Micsescu-Olah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d Emergency Hospital for Children, Iosif Nemoianu Street 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Septimiu Radu","family":"Susa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mircea","family":"Murariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d Emergency Hospital for Children, Iosif Nemoianu Street 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Doros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d Emergency Hospital for Children, Iosif Nemoianu Street 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.12581019","article-title":"A Primer on Congenital Anomalies of the Kidneys and Urinary Tracts (CAKUT)","volume":"15","author":"Murugapoopathy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isac, R., Basaca, D.-G., Olariu, I.-C., Stroescu, R.F., Ardelean, A.-M., Steflea, R.M., Gafencu, M., Chirita-Emandi, A., Bagiu, I.C., and Horhat, F.G. (2021). Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Uropathogens Causing Urinary Tract Infections in Children with Congenital Anomalies of Kidney and Urinary Tract. Children, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/children8070585"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.3109\/15513815.2014.959678","article-title":"Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and the Urinary Tract (CAKUT)","volume":"33","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fetal Pediatr. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2102953","article-title":"New Creatinine- and Cystatin C\u2013Based Equations to Estimate GFR without Race","volume":"385","author":"Inker","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008030287","article-title":"New Equations to Estimate GFR in Children with CKD","volume":"20","author":"Schwartz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22413","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.22413","article-title":"Comparing Different Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Equations in Assessing Glomerular Function in Children Based on Creatinine and Cystatin C","volume":"32","author":"Conkar","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lab. Anal."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isac, R., Costa, R., Frandes, M., Lazureanu, V.E., Stroescu, R.F., Steflea, R.M., Bagiu, I.-C., Horhat, F.G., Chicin, G.N., and Roberta, A.C. (2023). Renal Impairment Impact and Survival Analysis in a Romanian Cohort of HIV-1(F1)-Infected Children and Adolescents. Life, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/life13040888"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfab042","article-title":"Assessment of Kidney Function: Clinical Indications for Measured GFR","volume":"14","author":"Ebert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Kidney J."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1080\/14737159.2020.1768849","article-title":"Cystatin C as a Biomarker of Chronic Kidney Disease: Latest Developments","volume":"20","author":"Benoit","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Mol. Diagn."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xkme.2023.100600","article-title":"Estimated GFR with Cystatin C and Creatinine in Clinical Practice: A Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"5","author":"Gottlieb","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kidney Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012112","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/125\/1\/012112","article-title":"Prevalence of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Children with Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT)","volume":"125","author":"Ramayani","year":"2018","journal-title":"IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.10.047","article-title":"Age- and Sex-Dependent Clinical Equations to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rates in Children and Young Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease","volume":"99","author":"Pierce","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy270","article-title":"Kidney Size in Relation to Ageing, Gender, Renal Function, Birthweight and Chronic Kidney Disease Risk Factors in a General Population","volume":"35","author":"Piras","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-021-05303-5","article-title":"Kidney Length Normative Values in Children Aged 0\u201319 Years\u2014A Multicenter Study","volume":"37","author":"Obrycki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iacob, R., Stoicescu, E.R., Cerbu, S., Iacob, D., Amaricai, E., Catan, L., Belei, O., and Iacob, E.R. (2022). Could Ultrasound Be Used as a Triage Tool in Diagnosing Fractures in Children? A Literature Review. Healthcare, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10050823"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20190829","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-0829","article-title":"State-of-the-Art Renal Imaging in Children","volume":"145","author":"Viteri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaa210","article-title":"Bone Evaluation in Paediatric Chronic Kidney Disease: Clinical Practice Points from the European Society for Paediatric Nephrology CKD-MBD and Dialysis Working Groups and CKD-MBD Working Group of the ERA-EDTA","volume":"36","author":"Bakkaloglu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v8.i2.132","article-title":"Multi-Modality Imaging Review of Congenital Abnormalities of Kidney and Upper Urinary Tract","volume":"8","author":"Ramanathan","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-011-2098-0","article-title":"Ultrasound Mass Screening for Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract","volume":"27","author":"Caiulo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Corina, P., Georgeta, N., Isabela, P., Ileana, E., Mirabela, D., Puiu, V.I., Daniela, I., and Iacob, R. (2018, January 16\u201317). Emil Case Report: Prematur Newborn 35 Weeks of Gestation with Posterior Urethral Valve. Proceedings of the 6th Congress of The Ultrasound Society in Obstetrics and Gynecology\/34th Fetus as a Patient International Congress, Bucharest, Romania."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.05.021","article-title":"KDIGO 2021 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Glomerular Diseases","volume":"100","author":"Rovin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD-MBD Update Work Group (2017). KDIGO 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline Update for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD). Kidney Int. Suppl. (2011), 7, e1. Erratum in Kidney Int. Suppl. 2017, 7, 1\u201359.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kisu.2017.10.001"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1177\/02537176211046525","article-title":"Z Scores, Standard Scores, and Composite Test Scores Explained","volume":"43","author":"Andrade","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian. J. Psychol. Med."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-023-06192-6","article-title":"Extending the Cystatin C Based EKFC-Equation to Children\u2013Validation Results from Europe","volume":"39","author":"Pottel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"497","article-title":"Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate for the Full Age Spectrum from Serum Creatinine and Cystatin C","volume":"32","author":"Pottel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2022.02.018","article-title":"The Modified CKiD Study Estimated GFR Equations for Children and Young Adults Under 25 Years of Age: Performance in a European Multicenter Cohort","volume":"80","author":"Nyman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.145075","article-title":"Advances in Pubertal Growth and Factors Influencing It: Can We Increase Pubertal Growth?","volume":"18","author":"Soliman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Masalskien\u0117, J., Rudaitis, \u0160., Vitkevi\u010d, R., \u010cerkauskien\u0117, R., Dobilien\u0117, D., and Jankauskien\u0117, A. (2021). Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children: A Report from Lithuania. Medicina, 57.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57020112"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfw047","article-title":"Chronic Kidney Disease in Children","volume":"9","author":"Becherucci","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Kidney J."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghenciu, L.A., Faur, A.C., Bolintineanu, S.L., Salavat, M.C., and Maghiari, A.L. (2024). Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment Approaches in Fungal Keratitis: A Narrative Review. Microorganisms, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12010161"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-022-05718-8","article-title":"Body Surface Area-Based Kidney Length Percentiles Misdiagnose Small Kidneys in Children with Overweight\/Obesity","volume":"38","author":"Marzuillo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3963","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-023-05899-w","article-title":"Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract: Defining Risk Factors of Disease Progression and Determinants of Outcomes","volume":"38","author":"Walawender","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2021.01.003","article-title":"Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract and Adulthood Risk of Urinary Tract Cancer","volume":"6","author":"Efron","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int. Rep."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-021-05145-1","article-title":"Epidemiology of Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease\/Kidney Failure: Learning from Registries and Cohort Studies","volume":"37","author":"Harada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xkme.2022.100464","article-title":"Kidney Ultrasound for Nephrologists: A Review","volume":"4","author":"Singla","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Med."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s40746-019-00166-3","article-title":"Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract: A Clinical Review","volume":"5","author":"Stonebrook","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Treat. Options Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.33314\/jnhrc.v18i3.2760","article-title":"Correlation of Ultrasonographic Parameters with Serum Creatinine and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients with Echogenic Kidneys","volume":"18","author":"Gupta","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Nepal. Health Res. Counc."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2023.04.002","article-title":"Discordances Between Creatinine- and Cystatin C\u2013Based Estimated GFR and Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Routine Clinical Practice","volume":"82","author":"Carrero","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15425","article-title":"Renal Length Z-score for the Detection of Dysfunction in Children with Solitary Functioning Kidney","volume":"110","author":"Restrepo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-020-04602-7","article-title":"Longitudinal Kidney Injury Biomarker Trajectories in Children with Obstructive Uropathy","volume":"35","author":"McLeod","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lousa, I., Reis, F., Beir\u00e3o, I., Alves, R., Belo, L., and Santos-Silva, A. (2020). New Potential Biomarkers for Chronic Kidney Disease Management\u2014A Review of the Literature. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22010043"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-018-0507-4","article-title":"Increased NGAL Level Associated with Iron Store in Chronic Kidney Disease with Anemia","volume":"18","author":"Xiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-020-04841-8","article-title":"Urinary Biomarkers as Point-of-Care Tests for Predicting Progressive Deterioration of Kidney Function in Congenital Anomalies of Kidney and Urinary Tract: Trefoil Family Factors (TFFs) as the Emerging Biomarkers","volume":"36","author":"Anand","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rybi Szumi\u0144ska, A., Wasilewska, A., and Kamianowska, M. (2023). Protein Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease in Children\u2014What Do We Know So Far?. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12123934"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xkme.2019.11.004","article-title":"GFR Estimation Using a Panel of Filtration Markers in Shanghai and Beijing","volume":"2","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Med."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931746","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.931746","article-title":"The Controversy of Klotho as a Potential Biomarker in Chronic Kidney Disease","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/14\/10\/994\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:43:29Z","timestamp":1760107409000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/14\/10\/994"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics14100994"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics14100994","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4418","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]}}}