{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T22:00:27Z","timestamp":1784757627997,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Injuries of the proximal attachment of the hamstring muscles are common. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of the proximal attachment of the hamstring muscles with neighboring structures comprehensively. Methods: A total of 97 hemipelvis from 66 cryopreserved specimens were evaluated via ultrasound, anatomical and histological samples. Results: The proximal attachment of the hamstring muscles presents a hyperechogenic line surrounding the origin of the semimembranosus and the long head of the biceps femoris muscles, as well as another hyperechogenic line covering the sciatic nerve. The anatomical and histological study confirms the ultrasound results and shows different layers forming the sacrotuberous ligament. Furthermore, it shows that the proximal attachment of the semimembranosus muscle has a more proximal origin than the rest of the hamstring muscles. Moreover, this muscle shares fibers with the long head of the biceps femoris muscle and expands to the adductor magnus muscle. The histological analysis also shows the dense connective tissue of the retinaculum covering the long head of the biceps femoris and semimembranosus muscles, as well as the expansion covering the sciatic nerve. Conclusions: These anatomical relationships could explain injuries at the origin of the hamstring muscles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14161725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T15:04:24Z","timestamp":1723129464000},"page":"1725","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Anatomical Relationships of the Proximal Attachment of the Hamstring Muscles with Neighboring Structures: From Ultrasound, Anatomical and Histological Findings to Clinical Implications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1359-1543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maribel","family":"Miguel-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Bellvitge Campus), Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pere","family":"Iglesias-Chamorro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Bellvitge Campus), Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Basic Sciences Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Ortiz-Miguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Sciences Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Sant Cugat del Vall\u00e9s, 08195 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Unit of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Clinic Campus), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Euses, Bellvitge Campus, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan-Carlos","family":"Ortiz-Sagrist\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesia Department, Fundaci\u00f3 Puigvert, 08025 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"M\u00f6ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Bellvitge Campus), Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Blasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Histology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Bellvitge Campus), Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josep","family":"Agull\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Bellvitge Campus), Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Martinoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita di Genova, 16126 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5607-0708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert","family":"P\u00e9rez-Bellmunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Sciences Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Euses, Bellvitge Campus, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e53165","article-title":"Ischial Tuberosity Avulsion Fracture Mimicking Calcified Mass on Plain Films: A Case Report","volume":"16","author":"Williams","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104936","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of hamstring injuries in field-based team sports: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 5952 injuries from over 7 million exposure hours","volume":"57","author":"Maniar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. 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