{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T18:43:05Z","timestamp":1791398585963,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we aim to evaluate the risk factors of myopia undercorrection in recipients of second-generation keratorefractive lenticule extraction (KLEx) surgery. A retrospective case\u2013control study was performed, and patients who received second-generation KLEx surgery were enrolled. The cases with myopia undercorrection were matched to non-myopia undercorrection cases with a 1:4 ratio according to age, and a total of 22 and 88 eyes were categorized into the undercorrection and control groups, respectively. Demographic, refractive, topographic, and surgical data were collected preoperatively. A generalized linear model was operated to evaluate the potential risk factors for myopia undercorrection. The uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) at three months postoperation was significantly better in the control group (p = 0.006), and residual myopia and SE were significantly higher in the undercorrection group during the whole follow-up period (all p &lt; 0.001). The UDVA value showed a trend of improvement in the control group (p &lt; 0.001), and the changes to SE and residual myopia were significantly lower in the control group (both p &lt; 0.001). Regarding the risk factors for myopia undercorrection in the whole population and the high-myopia population, a higher manifest sphere power, higher steep keratometry (K), higher topographic cylinder, lower central corneal thickness (CCT) at apex, higher CCT difference and lower residual stromal thickness (RST) correlated to myopia undercorrection (all p &lt; 0.05). In the low-myopia population, only higher myopia and lower RST correlated to myopia undercorrection (both p &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, a high-sphere power and irregular topographic pattern correlated to myopia undercorrection after the second KLEx surgery, especially for individuals with high myopia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14161752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T08:54:08Z","timestamp":1723452848000},"page":"1752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Risk Factors for Myopia Undercorrection in Second-Generation (Visumax 800) Keratorefractive Lenticule Extraction Surgery: A Retrospective Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chia-Yi","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"},{"name":"Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei 10041, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung 41265, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0365-7927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shun-Fa","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1117-7878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hung-Chi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3992-6049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ie-Bin","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Statistical and Information Science, National Changhua University of Education, Chunghua 50007, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8494-7335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chin-Te","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-Yang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao-Kai","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei 10041, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Optometry, Da-Yeh University, Chunghua 51591, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_761_17","article-title":"Refractive lenticule extraction small incision lenticule extraction: A new refractive surgery paradigm","volume":"66","author":"Ganesh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J. 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