{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:19:14Z","timestamp":1760145554834,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to evaluate glycaemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes during the first three months of use of the flash glucose monitoring (FGM) system. Methods: We conducted a study of a cohort of 81 people with type 1 diabetes mellitus who used the FreeStyle Libre 2 (FSL2) sensor continuously for 3 months. Patients had not used a CGM before. The effectiveness of using the FSL2 system was assessed using AGP reports at two time points (3\u20134 weeks and 11\u201312 weeks of system use). Results: Eight weeks after using FSL2, compared with results from 3\u20134 weeks of use, there were no differences in the glucose management indicator, time spent in range, above range and below range, or glucose variability. In the first month of FGM use, patients scanned the sensor significantly more often than in the following two months (p = 0.021). No significant differences were found in the change of the evaluated parameters when comparing patients by duration of diabetes and treatment method. Conclusions: Short-term use of FSL2 promotes a significant reduction in GMI in patients with more time spent in hyperglycaemia (especially &gt; 250 mg\/dL). In this short period of use, no other changes in glycaemic control parameters are observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14161777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T03:49:36Z","timestamp":1723693776000},"page":"1777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of the FreeStyle Libre 2\u00ae System on Glycaemic Outcomes in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes\u2014Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Rutkowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6101-5212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"\u0141o\u015b-Stegienta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Bagi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4474-3647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Zi\u0119ba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrianna","family":"Baran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"\u017burawska-Kli\u015b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Kosi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Cypryk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"2024 Guidelines on the management of patients with diabetes\u2014A position of Diabetes Poland","volume":"4","author":"Araszkiewicz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3086167","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3086167","article-title":"Complications of Diabetes 2017","volume":"2018","author":"Papatheodorou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S57567","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators to self-monitoring of blood glucose in people with type 2 diabetes using insulin: A qualitative study","volume":"8","author":"Chua","year":"2014","journal-title":"Patient Prefer. Adherence"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-020-01589-3","article-title":"Effects of real-time continuous glucose monitoring in type 1 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"58","author":"Dicembrini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1459","article-title":"Effects of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Metrics of Glycemic Control in Diabetes: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"43","author":"Maiorino","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-023-01208-5","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of continuous glucose monitoring with FreeStyle Libre\u00ae in Brazilian insulin-treated patients with types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"15","author":"Bahia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetol. Metab. Syndr."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.2337\/dci19-0028","article-title":"Clinical Targets for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data Interpretation: Recommendations from the International Consensus on Time in Range","volume":"42","author":"Battelino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2022.108314","article-title":"Effects of flash glucose monitoring on glycemic control in participants with diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"36","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Complicat."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2022.108385","article-title":"Intermittent-scanned continuous glucose monitoring with low glucose alarms decreases hypoglycemia incidence in middle-aged adults with type 1 diabetes in real-life setting","volume":"37","author":"Oriot","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Complicat."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-022-01884-1","article-title":"Effectiveness of adding alarms to flash glucose monitoring in adults with type 1 diabetes under routine care","volume":"59","author":"Boscari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.37.7.4114","article-title":"Role of free style Libre-Flash Glucose Monitoring: Glycemic control of Type-1 Diabetes","volume":"37","author":"Mohamed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pak. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117955141774695","DOI":"10.1177\/1179551417746957","article-title":"Evaluation of FreeStyle Libre Flash Glucose Monitoring System on Glycemic Control, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Fear of Hypoglycemia in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes","volume":"10","author":"Robert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Med. Insights Endocrinol. Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2022.109867","article-title":"A guide for the use of LibreView digital diabetes platform in clinical practice: Expert paper of the Italian Working Group on Diabetes and Technology","volume":"187","author":"Rossi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0888","article-title":"Glycemic Outcomes in Adults with T1D Are Impacted More by Continuous Glucose Monitoring Than by Insulin Delivery Method: 3 Years of Follow-Up from the COMISAIR Study","volume":"43","author":"Grunberger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"100237","article-title":"Determinants of HbA1c reduction with FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitoring (FLARE-NL 5)","volume":"22","author":"Lameijer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Transl. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1610","article-title":"Quality of Life and Glucose Control after 1 Year of Nationwide Reimbursement of Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults Living with Type 1 Diabetes (FUTURE): A Prospective Observational Real-World Cohort Study","volume":"43","author":"Charleer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-022-01253-9","article-title":"Reductions in HbA1c with Flash Glucose Monitoring Are Sustained for up to 24 Months: A Meta-Analysis of 75 Real-World Observational Studies","volume":"13","author":"Evans","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther."}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/14\/16\/1777\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:36:51Z","timestamp":1760110611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/14\/16\/1777"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics14161777"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics14161777","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2075-4418"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]]}}}