{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T05:56:44Z","timestamp":1780466204153,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The term monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance (MGCS) refers to a group of symptomatic monoclonal gammopathies that do not meet the diagnostic criteria for malignant plasma cell disorders, such as multiple myeloma or Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia. These symptoms are attributable to the paraneoplastic effects of monoclonal immunoglobulins that occur through diverse mechanisms. The presence of symptoms distinguishes MGCS from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, which lacks significant symptomatic presentation. The presentations of MGCS are manifold, adding to the diagnostic challenge. Clinical suspicion is key for accurate and timely diagnosis. Radiologic imaging can provide pivotal information to guide the diagnosis. In this review, we discuss MGCS from a radiology perspective and highlight pertinent imaging features associated with the disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14171907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T11:12:13Z","timestamp":1724929933000},"page":"1907","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Monoclonal Gammopathy of Clinical Significance (MGCS) and Related Disorders: A Review and the Role of Imaging"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1122-5828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed O.","family":"El Sadaney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anika","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5335-9533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joselle","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis I.","family":"Baffour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e538","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70442-5","article-title":"International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma","volume":"15","author":"Rajkumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-04-839480","article-title":"Monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance: A novel concept with therapeutic implications","volume":"132","author":"Fermand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-018-0077-4","article-title":"The evaluation of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance: A consensus report of the International Kidney and Monoclonal Gammopathy Research Group","volume":"15","author":"Leung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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