{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T23:04:37Z","timestamp":1789686277272,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Apolipoprotein A2-ATQ\/AT (apoA2-ATQ\/AT) is a new biomarker for diagnosing pancreatic cancer (PC). In this study, the value of blood carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and apoA2-ATQ\/AT levels in diagnosing stage 0 and IA PC was evaluated. During 2014\u20132021, 12 patients with stage 0 PC and 12 patients with IA PC (average age: 73.8 years) underwent resection at JA Onomichi General Hospital. In addition, the data of 200 healthy controls were collected from a community-based cohort study. Levels of two apoA2-isoforms were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with specific antibodies to calculate the apoA2-i Index as a surrogate value for apoA2-ATQ\/AT. The cutoff value for the apoA2-i Index was determined to be 62.9 \u03bcg\/mL. CA19-9 levels were also measured through ELISA. Among all 24 patients with PC, the positivity rates for apoA2-i and CA19-9 were 33.3% and 25.0%, respectively. The positivity rates for apoA2-i and CA19-9 were 16.7% and 8.3% in patients with stage 0 PC and 50.0% and 41.7% in those with stage IA, respectively. For CA19-9-negative patients, the apoA2-i positivity rate was 9.1% in stage 0 and 42.9% in stage IA. The combined positivity rate for both markers was 16.7% in stage 0 and 66.7% in stage IA. Imaging findings in apoA2-i- and CA19-9-positive patients included pancreatic duct dilatation (87.5%\/100%), duct stenosis (75.0%\/50%), and atrophy (87.5%\/66.7%). The imaging findings of this study suggest that apoA2-i may enhance the sensitivity for detecting CA19-9-negative stage 0 and IA PC, and complementary measurements with CA19-9 may be valuable for diagnosing early-stage PC. Therefore, minute PC with pancreatic duct dilation, duct stenosis, and atrophy may exhibit a high positivity rate, aiding differential diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14171920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T10:54:11Z","timestamp":1725015251000},"page":"1920","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Potential of Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 and Serum Apolipoprotein A2-Isoforms in the Diagnosis of Stage 0 and IA Pancreatic Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3196-8551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keiji","family":"Hanada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Onomichi General Hospital, Onomichi 722-8508, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Onomichi General Hospital, Onomichi 722-8508, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Tsushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Onomichi General Hospital, Onomichi 722-8508, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michimoto","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toray Industries, Inc., Tokyo 103-8066, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199202133260706","article-title":"Pancreatic carcinoma","volume":"326","author":"Warshaw","year":"1992","journal-title":"N. 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