{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:08:58Z","timestamp":1777453738454,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Frontier Program of Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The purpose was to examine clinical profiles in concussed children aged 5\u20139 and 10\u201312 years and compare them with those of adolescents &gt;12 years. Methods: This study included patients aged 5\u201318 years presenting to a specialty care concussion program with a sports- and recreation-related (SRR) concussion \u226428 days postinjury. Demographics, injury mechanisms, symptoms, and clinical features were assessed. Chi-squared tests, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis were used for comparisons across age groups. Results: A total of 3280 patients with SRR concussion were included: 5.0% were 5\u20139 years, 18.4% were 10\u201312 years, and 76.6% were 13\u201318 years. Younger age groups had more males than females (5\u20139 years: 70.7% vs. 29.3%) and more commonly sustained their injury during limited- (28.7%), and non-contact (7.9%) activities compared to other age groups (p &lt; 0.01). Younger children presented less symptoms frequently (p \u2264 0.042), but higher symptom severity in somatic and emotional domains (p \u2264 0.016). Fewer 5\u20139-year-olds reported changes in school (25.6%), sleep (46.3%), and daily habits (40.9%) than adolescents (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Among SRR-concussed children and adolescents, we found significant age-related variations in demographics, injury mechanism, symptoms, and clinical features. Recognizing these unique features in younger children may facilitate targeted management and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14182042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T04:14:07Z","timestamp":1726460047000},"page":"2042","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Age-Related Variations in Clinical Profiles for Children with Sports- and Recreation-Related Concussions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4667-4372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sicong","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Injury Research and Prevention, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2157-3644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Corwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Injury Research and Prevention, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"},{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"},{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3856-8542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine C.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Injury Research and Prevention, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"},{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"},{"name":"School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1610-9524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Fedonni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Injury Research and Prevention, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6717-4270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina L.","family":"Master","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Injury Research and Prevention, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"},{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"},{"name":"Sports Medicine and Performance Center, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1694-4562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristy B.","family":"Arbogast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Injury Research and Prevention, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"},{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"},{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2024, March 20). 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